1880.J •'" [Stevenson. 



valley. The lower horizon makes a fine showing alpng the hillside and the 

 fragments that have fallen to the road are often of such excellent quality that 

 a passing observer might be led to suppose that the deposit is of uniformly- 

 good quality. Unfortunately, the ore here, as at every other locality, is 

 variable. Much of it is merely the sandstone permeated with luuonite, 

 sometimes half its bulk being ore. There are, however, numerous pockets, 

 some of them very large, which contain ore of marked excellence, as 

 appears from the following analysis by Mr. McCreath : 



Metallic iron 52.550 



Sulphur 0.037 



Phosphorus 0. 051 



Insoluble residue 7.840 



Thus containing only .097 of phosphorus in 100 parts of iron. 



This hematite occurs on the south-east face of Powell mountain beyond 

 the North Fork gap, but no examination was made there to determine its 

 extent or quality. 



The Clinton (jtroiqt. — In the low hills alongside of the turnpike and 

 opposite the Big Stone gap, the following succession of the rocks under- 

 lying the Lower Helderberg was made out . 



1. Mostly concealed, with here and there an insignificant 



exposure of sandstone ; probably contains some pure 

 limestone, as fragments were seen on the surface. 

 Estimated at , 250' 



2. Red to yellow fissile shales, with thin layers of fine 



grit. Dip almost vertical 60' 



3. Imperfectly exposed ; has occasional layers of reddish 



grit 35' 



4 Fine grained calcareous grit, passing downward into 

 silicious limestone. The upper half contains little 

 calcareous matter and is very hard ; but toward the 

 base, the rock becomes comparatively good lime- 

 stone. No fossils were seen. The dip at the top is 

 70 degrees, but decreases downward, becoming 56 



degrees at the base 60' 



5. A concealed interval 75' 



6 Deep red flaggy sandstone, very fine-grained and ex- 

 ceedingl}^ hard ; dip is 30 degrees toward N. N. W. 

 This rock contains many Fucoids, but no other 

 fossils were seen except a weathered* cast of Ortlio- 



ceras 8' 



7. Shales, red to j'-ellow, brittle, with thin laj^ers of hard 



shale containing Fiic'OiVZs. The dip is indistinct. .. . 50' 

 • 8. Silicious limestone, not unlike that seen in the Lower 



Helderberg , 5' 



