1881.] 279 [Briaton. 



It is evident then that the Tipper Freeport coal bed in this region will 

 yield a coke which is not appreciably inferior to that made at Connellsville, 

 Pennsylvania. 



Few details were gathered respecting the general section exposed along 

 the slope of Laurel ridge, as all detailed work was stopped by a severe 

 snow storm. A bed of cannel was seen at not far from 165 feet above the 

 Upper Freeport. On one side of Sandy creek, this bed shows 4' 8" of 

 cannel, but on the other side of that creek it shows no cannel, and con- 

 tains only bituminous coal, 3' 6" to 4' thick. The cannel was worked 

 many years ago for distillation of oil, but the works were abandoned on the 

 discovery of petroleum. 



Tlie Freeport limestone is present at from 40 to 50 feet below the Upper 

 Freeport coal bed, and is exposed at one locality nearly three miles north from 

 the railroad. It is 3 feet thick, and rests on a bed of iron ore, which is 30 

 inches thick and very persistent. This ore was mined at one time both by 

 benching and driftuig, and the material was sent to the Irontown furnace, 

 Avhere it produced a foundry iron. It is too cold-short for use alone, and 

 to be available must be mixed with some ore containing little or no phos- 

 phorus. A small coal bed rests on the limestone, and another, about 2 feet 

 thick, is shown at nearly 70 feet lower. 



oir of S. S. Ealdeman, A. M., Ph. D., etc. By D. O. Brinton, M. D. 

 {Read before the American Philosophical Society, February 4, 1881.) 



In presenting a sketch of the life of the late Professor Haldeman, I shall 

 begin with his personal history, and then proceed to give a brief account 

 of his contributions to science. 



Samuel Stehman Haldeman was born August 13, 1812, at Locust Grove, 

 a beautifully situated country-seat on the east bank of the Susquehanna 

 river, twenty miles below Harrisburg. The house, with the extensive 

 property surrounding it, had been in the possession of his ancestors for 

 several generations. 



The family came originally from Thun, in German Switzerland, and 

 were an energetic, independent race, who had been honored in their day. 

 Jacob Haldeman, a great-grandfather of the subject of this memoir, was 

 chosen one of a Committee of Public Safety from Rapho township, Pa., in 

 revolutionary times. Frederick Haldimand, a great-uncle who had entered 

 the English military service, became first Governor-General of Canada 

 under that rule. John B. Haldeman, a grandfather, was member of the 

 General Assembly from Lancaster county, in 1795. The name was for- 

 merly spelled with either i or e in the second syllable and the final d re- 

 jected or retained according to the language of the canton in which it was 

 found, but as it was of Germanic origin. Prof. Haldeman always used the 

 German method. 



