TRANSACTIONS OF WAGNER 

 1564 



TERTIARY FAUNA OF FLORIDA 



different ages of different parts of the rocks classified as " Grand Gulf," as had 

 already been done by Hilgard. The Pascagoula clays are certainly not older 

 than the upper part of the Miocene, and might very well prove to be Pliocene, 

 but the color of the clays and the indications of the few species known, though 

 not conclusive, rather point to the cooler Miocene than the warmer Pliocene. 



In the future the progress of geology would probably be facilitated by 

 dropping the name " Grand Gulf" in all cases except where the typical rocks, 

 such as those at the original locality, are concerned, and referring to the others 

 above recognized simply as the " Roberts sand," the " Hattiesburg clays," and 

 the " Pascagoula clays," with the following approximate correlations : * 



Perezonal. Marine. 



Pascagoula clays. Chesapeake Miocene. 



Hattiesburg clays. Alum Bluff sands. 



Roberts sand. Chipola marl. 



Grand Gulf sandstone. Chattahoochee limestone. 



THE TAMPA SI LEX BEDS. 



This interesting horizon of the Chattahoochee group has been known since 

 1846, when Conrad described a few fossils from it. It was fully described 

 (though under the caption of " Miocene," now discarded) in Bulletin 84 of 

 the United States Geological Survey. In the first volume of these Transactions 

 Professor Heilprin described a number of species from the " Orthaulax bed," 

 and since that time assiduous collecting has added a large number, which have 

 been described and figured in the several parts of this volume. The number 

 of species now known from it is one hundred and ninety-three. The same 

 horizon, characterized by Orthaulax pugnax and other remarkable species, has 

 been recognized in Antigua and in Georgia near Bainbridge on the Flint River 

 by Mr. Vaughan. The beauty of the silicious pseudomorphs has led to their 

 being collected as " curios" for sale to tourists. The heavy heads of coral, 

 often geodic and with their interior cavity lined with exquisite crystals of 

 ferruginous red, white, yellow, blue, and various shades of brown, have been 

 in especial demand, and the supply seems to have become entirely exhausted. 

 The establishment of a great winter hotel a few minutes' walk from the out- 



* Certain apparently Pleistocene superficial beds on the Gulf coast containing fossil 

 shells have recently been supposed to be " Grand Gulf" by a singular misapplication of 

 this name, in which connection consult Bull. U. S. Geol. Survey No. 84, p. 160. 



