JiLY 31, 1003.] 



SCIENCE. 



153 



implements, (5) bone implements, (6) clam 

 shells, (7) ashes and charcoal. 



B. Objects which do not certainly bear testi- 

 mony to human occupancy: (8) Flint flakes, 

 (9) animal bones, (10) sandstone fragments, 

 (11) polished rocks. 



It will be obviously impossible in a paper of 

 this kind to do more than simply mention 

 these objects. All detailed study must be 

 reserved for those more skilled in the dis- 

 cussion of such data. 



Human Bones. — Fragments of at least four 

 human skeletons were discovered in the ashes. 

 One of these skeletons, including a skull in a 

 good state of preservation, was nearly com- 

 plete. 



Pottery. — Fragments of at least six vessels 

 were found, including one handle. Several 

 of the fragments were decorated. 



Flint Implements. — Chipped flint imple- 

 ments are quite common, more than one hun- 

 dred specimens having been found. These 

 implements include arrow points, drills, spear 

 points, knives, scrapers, etc., as well as cores 

 from which knives were obtained. The flint 

 is in most cases similar to that found on the 

 hills near by, but in some cases it is believed 

 to have been carried for considerable distances. 

 Stone Implements. — One large stone mortar 

 was found, as well as hammer stones, a stone 

 hatchet and stones used for sharpening im- 

 plements. 



Bone Implements. — Several awls, needles, 

 scrapers and other implements fashioned from 

 bone were secured. 



Clam Shells. — A number of shells of Unio 

 were taken from the ashes. At least two 

 genera are represented, both probably being 

 found at the present time in Sugar Creek. 



Ashes and Charcoal. — As stated above, the 

 floor of the cave was covered to the depth of 

 some three feet with wood ashes. A conserva- 

 tive estimate would place the amount of ashes 

 at 5,000 cubic feet. Intermingled with the 

 ashes was a large amount of charcoal varying 

 in size from small specks to lumps the size 

 of a walnut. It was in the ashes that the 

 other objects mentioned in this paper were 

 found. 



Flint Flakes. — Thousands of flakes of flint 

 wore found in the ashes and embedded in the 

 stalagmites. This flint varies in size from 

 small slivers to pieces the size of the hand. 

 Careful search was made along the walls and 

 roof of the cave to detect the presence of flint 

 in the limestone, but without success. There 

 is plenty of flint at a horizon fifty feet higher, 

 but so far as known there is none in the strata 

 in which the cave is located. For this reason 

 it is believed that the flint was carried into 

 the cave. 



Animal Bones. — Great numbers of bones of 

 various animals, including mammals, birds and 

 turtles, were found among the ashes and em- 

 bedded in the stalagmites. These bones have 

 not yet been identified but it is probable that 

 a large part of them are those of living species. 

 Sandstone Fragments. — A number of small 

 pieces of unshaped sandstone were obtained. 

 The nearest point, so far as known, where 

 sandstone outcrops is four miles distant from 

 the cave, in the vicinity of Wliite Rock. It 

 seems probable that the sandstone has been 

 carried into the cave. 



Polished Limestone. — A number of flat lime- 

 stone slabs that have fallen from above, both 

 just within the cave's mouth and particularly 

 along the foot of the bluff a few feet distant, 

 have been polished or glazed apparently by the 

 friction or contact of greasy bodies. These 

 polished rocks are invariably in such a posi- 

 tion as most readily to serve as seats or re- 

 clining places for the inhabitants of the cave. 

 There are more than twenty of these slabs 

 that exhibit this peculiar structure. 



Charles Newton Gould, 

 tlir uxiversity of oklahoma, 

 Jlay IG, in03. 



NEW TERSIS IN CHEMISTRY. 



It may not be out of place to call attention 

 to several new terms which have recently been 

 submitted to the English-speaking scientific 

 world and to discuss their merits. However 

 reluctant we may be, in view of possible mis- 

 understandings, to accept new words and 

 phrases, the need of them is often unquestion- 

 able, and it only remains for us to determine 

 the proper forms which the words shall take. 



