September 4, 1003.] 



SCIENCE. 



319 



States of crude petroleum in 1902 was 80,894,- 

 590 barrels, as against 69,389,194 barrels in 

 1901, an increase of 11,505,396 barrels, or 16.5 

 per cent, over that of 1901, and of 27 per cent. 

 over that of 1900. The greatest portion of the 

 increase in 1902 came from Texas and Cali- 

 fornia, the gain being 5,830,994 barrels, or 

 132.7 per cent, for Texas, and 5,187,518 bar- 

 rels, or 59 per cent., for California, as com- 

 pared with their respective productions in 

 1901. The increase in Indiana in 1902 was 

 1,723,810 barrels, or about 30 per cent, over 

 that of 1901. Louisiana produced for the 

 first time in 1902, the production being 548,- 

 617 barrels. The increase in the production 

 of Kansas was 152,598 barrels, or about 85 

 per cent, over 1901. Kentucky and Tennessee 

 increased their production in 1902 by 47,799 

 barrels, or nearly 35 per cent. Indian Ter- 

 ritory increased 27,000 barrels and Wyoming 

 850 barrels as compared with 1901. The 

 largest decrease in production in 1902 as com- 

 pared with 1901 was in West Virginia, where 

 it amounted to 663,781 barrels, or about 4.5 

 per cent.; and Ohio, in its two fields, showed 

 a decrease of 633,852 barrels, or nearly 3 per 

 cent. The decrease in Pennsylvania was 561,- 

 498 barrels, or 4.5 per cent. ; in New York, 

 86,888 barrels, or about 7 per cent. ; in Colo- 

 rado, 66.218 barrels, or about 14 per cent. The 

 percentage of production by fields shows a 

 remarkable change from 1900 to 1902. In 



1900 the percentages were : Appalachian field, 

 57; Lima-Indiana field, 34; all other fields, 

 nearly 9. In 1902 the respective percentages 

 were: Appalachian field, 39; Lima-Indiana 

 field, 29 ; all other fields, about 32. The value 

 of the crude petroleum produced in 1902 was 

 $69,610,384, or 86 cents i)er barrel, that for 



1901 having been $66,417,335, or 95.7 cents per 

 barrel, a decrease of 9.7 cents per barrel, or 

 10 per cent., in 1902. The gross amount re- 

 ceived for the total product in 1902 was only 

 $3,193,013 greater than that in 1901, although 

 the increase in output was about 16.5 per cent. 

 greater. 



A CORRESPONDENT writes to the London 

 Times that the monthly general meeting of 

 the Zoological Society, held on August 20, was 



of considerable importance, inasmuch as it 

 settled future practice in matters about which 

 there had been some doubt — the appointment 

 by the council of members of their own body 

 to official posts, and their engagement for 

 special work, partly literary and partly scien- 

 tific in its character. When the reorganiza- 

 tion committee submitted its recommenda- 

 tions to a general meeting at the end of last 

 year it was resolved to ask Mr. de Winton to 

 undertake the post of superintendent, vacant 

 through the resignation of the late Mr. Clar- 

 ence Bartlett on account of ill-health, and to 

 carry out the reorganization of the gardens. 

 That gentleman accepted the charge, and since 

 his appointment had done a good deal, not 

 only in improving the gardens, but in cutting 

 down expenses. The council found that the 

 time allotted was too short to allow of his 

 carrying out what had been planned, and, on 

 being invited, he consented to accept the post 

 for a second year. But, acting under legal 

 advice, the council felt bound to submit the 

 matter, with some others, to the decision of 

 a general meeting. Dr. Guenther, who prj- 

 sided, accordingly put an official motion, of 

 which due notice had been given, to the effect 

 that the appointment should continue during 

 1904 with emoluments at the rate of £400 a 

 year and an official residence in the gardens. 

 The chairman spoke warmly in favor of the 

 motion, as did Dr. Henry Woodward, Mr. 

 Oldfield Thomas and Mr. Bowes. Major 

 Cotton did not oppose the motion, but urged 

 the desirablity of seeking a candidate outside 

 the ranks of the council, and Professor Cun- 

 ningham was of opinion that it would be de- 

 sirable to have a decision as to whether mem- 

 bers of council should be eligible for paid 

 posts. The chairman admitted that the ap- 

 pointment was only a temporary one, made 

 at a- critical period in the history of the so- 

 ciety. On being put from the chair, the mo- 

 tion was carried unanimously. Other motions 

 dealt with payments for work done by two 

 members of council — Dr. Sharp, as editor and 

 recorder, and Mr. Boulanger, as recorder, for 

 the Zoological Record, which gives titles and 

 brief abstracts of zoological literature all over 

 the world, and is published by the society 



