SEITtMBliR 11, 1!)0;J.] 



SCIENCE. 



;ui 



of the serpentine barrens and the pine barren 

 region of New Jersey. 



1!. Serpentine lx the Valley, West of Black 

 Horse Hotel. 



Here is found a typical exposure of serpen- 

 tine rock. The barren treeless areas (Barren 

 Treeless Formation) are characterized by the 

 clumps of Cerastium obloiigifolium Torr. 

 [Cera.'itium arven.se L. var. ohlongtfolium Holl 

 & Britt.] (Cerastium Association), Panicum 

 latifolium L., Rumex acelosella L., Trifolium 

 repens L. Xear by on somewhat similar bar- 

 ren areas occur thickets of green briars 

 Smilax rotundifolia L., Smilax gliiuca Walt, 

 with Juniperus Tirginiana L. and Nyssa syl- 

 vaiica Marsh rising out, as solitary specimens, 

 from the tangled mass of briars (Smilax Asso- 

 ciation). Ruhus villosm Ait? (Gray) [R. 

 nigrohaccus Bailey], Rosa lucida Ehrh. and 

 Spirwa saUcifolia L. form pure growths 

 {Ruhus, Rosa, Spirwa Associations), while 

 separating these are grassy stretches, where 

 the botanist finds CEnothera fruticosa L. 

 [Kneiffia fruticosa (L.) Eaimann], Cerastium 

 ohlongifolium Torr., Arahis lyrata L., Des- 

 champsia cmspitosa Beauv. (Deschampsia 

 Association), Sisyrynchium angustifolium 

 Mill., Senecio aureii.s L. var. balsamitcp Torr. 

 & Gray ISenecio halsamitce Muhl.], Geranium, 

 maculatum L. The swampy areas, formed 

 by springs, support Carex vtriculata Boott., 

 Eleocharis ovata R. Br., Danthonia sericea 

 Nutt., Tradescantia pilosa Lehm. (Carex- 

 Eleochari,s Association). 



In an adjacent barren (C), a stream flows 

 through the woods formed by Acer ruhrum 

 L., Liriodendron tulipifera L., Juniperujs vir- 

 giniann L. and Nyssa sylvatica Marsh. Along 

 the borders of this stream, and therefore in 

 wet soil, grow Lindrrn hemoin Blume [Ben- 

 zoin henzoin (L.) Coulter], Aspidium acros- 

 tichoides Swartz [Dryopteris acrostichoides 

 (Michs.) Kuntze.] and Asplenium trichomanes 

 L. (Aspidium-Asplenium Associations). 



T). Serpentine at Williamson School. 



The dominant trees on the serpentine bar- 

 rens at Williamson School are Quercus alha 

 L. Qiierrus rtihra L., Quercus stellata Wang. 



IQ. minor (Marsh.) Sarg.], Quercus nigra L. 

 [Q. marylandica Muench.], Acer ruhrum L., 

 and Juniperus virginiana L., while associated 

 with these trees are Sassafras officinale Neos 

 [S. sassafras (L.) Karst.], Rhu^ glahra L., 

 Kalmia latifolia L. (Ealmia Association), 

 Salix iristis Ait., and as lianes, Vitis 

 (esfivalis Michx., Ampelopsis quinquefolia 

 Michx. [Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) 

 Planch.] and Smilax rotundifolia L. The 

 following herbaceous plants grow on the bar- 

 rens here. Pterin aquilina L. [Pteridium 

 aquilinum (L.) Kuhn], Senecio aureus L. 

 var. halsamitce Torr. & Gray [Senecio halsam- 

 itce Muhl.], Geranium maculatum, L., Tri- 

 folium agrarium L. [Trifolium aureum Poll.], 

 Aspidium acrostichoides Swartz [Dryopteris 

 acrostichoides (Michx.) Kuntze] and Castil- 

 leia coccinea Spreng [(L.) Spreng]. 



E. Serpentine at Xewtown Square. 



The dominant trees of this serpentine out- 

 crop consist of the chestnut Castanea sativa 

 Mill. var. Americana Gray [C. dentata 

 (Marsh.) Borkh.], the red maple, Acer ru- 

 hrum L., the beech, Fagus ferruginea Ait. 

 [F. americana Sweet], black cherry Prunus 

 serotina Ehrh., Quercus ruhra L., Quercus 

 alba L., Quercus nigra L. [Q. marylandica 

 Muench.] and Juniptrus virginiana L. As 

 secondary species of this forest occur Amel- 

 anchier canadensis L. [(L.) Medic], Sassa- 

 fras officinale Nees [S. sassafras (L.) Karst.], 

 Carpinus caroliniana Walt., Corylus ameri- 

 cana Walt., Rosa lucida Ehrh., while as climb- 

 ing species Smilax rotundifolia L., Vitis cesti- 

 vitlis Michx., Ampelopsis quinquefolia l[iehx. 

 [Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.). Planch.] 

 form impenetrable thickets. Vaccinium penn- 

 sylvnnicum Lam., Gaylussacia resinosa Torr. 

 &• Gray [(Ait.) Torr. &• Gray] form the under- 

 growth associated with three ferns, Aspidium 

 acrostichoides Swartz [Dryopteris acrosti- 

 choides (Michx.) Kuntze], .\splenium tricho- 

 manes L. and Diclcsonia pilosiuscula Willd. 

 [Dennstwdtia punctilohula (Michx.) Moore], 

 Galium aparine L. (Aspidium-Asplenium. 

 Dicksonia Formations). The treeless barrens 

 support Cera.stium ohlongifolium Torr., Sene- 

 cio aureus L. var. halsamitce Torr. & Grav 



