OCTOBKK l(i, 1903.] 



SCIENCE. 



499 



clouds (VIll.) may be taken as a good ex- 

 ample of the difTerence between the present 

 work and the usual text-book of meteorology, 

 and yet this very chapter is more ' popular ' 

 than many in the same book. The principal 

 cJoud forms are illustrated by means of one 

 ■n.satisfactory woodcut on page 642. Indeed, 

 tiie illustrations are comparatively few in num- 

 ber, considering the size of the book. Ke- 

 fjarding the origin of cyclones, Arrhenius 

 «iays (p. 725) that since we know nothing of 

 Uie vertical temperature distribution in trop- 

 ical cyclones there is no argument from that 

 standpoint against the convectional theory, as 

 there is in the case of the extra-tropical, 

 ' which are usually cooler at their centers than 

 in the surrounding air.' It has been found 

 necessary to abandon Ferrel's theory for ex- 

 tra-tropical cyclones, although ' it contains 

 a great deal which fits the conditions in the 

 case.' The Hann theory is quoted from 

 Hann's ' Lehrbuch,' and on page 757, after re- 

 ferring to the investigations of Mr. H. H. 

 Clayton on the cyclones of the United States, 

 the author adds that, in the light of the facts 

 now available, ' these cyclones are to be con- 

 sidered as belonging to an earlier stage of de- 

 velopment than the European cyclones.' Be- 

 sides referring to Mr. Clayton's work on cy- 

 clones, reference is also made to the Blue 

 Hill kite and cloud investigations and to the 

 results of the studies on New England thun- 

 der-storms, carried on some years ago by the 

 New England Meteorological Society. The 

 results obtained in the recent attempts to pre- 

 vant hail-storms by means of ' weather shoot- 

 ing ' are stated (page 805) to be very doubtful. 

 Oliapter XIV. concerns ' Meteorological Acous- 

 tics,' which is a new heading in a book 

 oa meteorology. Chapter XV. (60 pp.) is an 

 extended discussion of ' Meteorological Op- 

 tics,' a subject which is receiving much at- 

 tention in Europe. Chapters XVII. and 

 XVIII. (109 pages) treat at some length the 

 subjects of 'Atmospheric Electricity,' and 

 'Auroras and Terrestrial Magnetism.' 



R. DeC. W. 



SVIUM'IflV JOLKSALS A\0 MtTlCLES. 



The Journal of Physical Chemistry, No. 6, 

 June. ' Adherence of Electrolytic Metal De- 

 posits,' by C. F. Burgess and Carl Ham- 

 buechen. A paper calling attention to some of 

 the problems of electro-plating, which should 

 be attacked from a scientific standpoint. 

 ' Chemical, Potential and Electromotive 

 Force,' by Wilder D. Bancroft. A develop- 

 ment of the work of Gibbs. ' Electrochemical 

 Analysis and the Voltaic Series,' by J. E. 

 Root. An experimental investigation of the 

 relations between voltage and current in dif- 

 ferent solutions of the metals which may be 

 determined electrolytically. From these is 

 deduced the voltaic series in each solution 

 used, at the temperatures of 20° and 60°. 

 The theoretical possibilities of separation of 

 the different metals electrolytically is dis- 

 cussed. No.7, October. ' Electrolytic Copper Re- 

 fining,' by F. J. Schwab and I. Baum. An inter- 

 esting piece of experimental work designed to 

 determine the best conditions of current den- 

 sity, temperature, etc., for the economical refi- 

 ning of copper. ' The Composition of the Sur- 

 face Layers of Aqueous Amyl Alcohol,' by 

 Clara C. Benson. The foam of a solution of 

 amyl alcohol is found to be slightly more con- 

 centrated than the solution from which it is 

 derived. The solution strength was deter- 

 mined by a viscosity method, depending upon 

 an ingenious apparatus for the uniform pro- 

 duction of drops. ' A Correction,' by Geo. H. 

 Burrows. 



The Popular Science Monthly for October 

 opens with a paper by Franz Boas on ' The 

 Decorative Art of the North American In- 

 dian,' which is largely devoted to showing that 

 the idea now expressed by a given design may 

 be something that was not intended at the 

 outset. In ' Highways and Byways of Animal 

 Life ' Herbert F. Osborn discusses some of the 

 peculiar adaptations of animals and the causes 

 which have led to them. Frederick Adams 

 Woods presents arguments and figures to 

 show ' The Correlation Between Mental and 

 Moral Qualities,' and under the title ' Co- 

 operation, Coercion, Competition ' Lindley M. 

 Keasbey considers the three characteristic 



