ZOOLOGICAL LITEKATURE. li 
collected, according to A. Dumeril, examples of Tarentola mauritanica (Linn.) ; but 
this gecko first appears in literature, as an Egyptian species, in Daudin's ' Reptiles ' 1 , 
under the name of Gecko fascicularis, Daud. 
The close of the eighteenth century is memorable by reason of the French Expedition 
to Egypt. The principal zoologists who accompanied this Scientific Mission were 
Etienne Geoffroy St.-Hilaire and Jules Savigny. But as the complete results of 
the labours of E. Geoffroy St.-Hilaire regarding the Reptiles did not appear until 
almost the close of the second decade of the present century, the literature that 
appeared before the French work was published has first to be considered. 
In the eighth volume of Daudin's ' Reptiles ' 2 the two species of the genus Varanvs 
were differentiated ; the purely terrestrial form, which had apparently not been 
distinguished from the aquatic V. niloticus, was indicated as Tupinambis griseus = 
V. griseus. 
Merrem 3 , whose Syst. Amph. was published in 1820, had access to the first part of 
the ' Atlas ' illustrating the results of Geoffroy's and Savigny's work in Egypt. He 
selected the lizard figured on pi. v. figs. 3 and 4, illustrating the reptiles, as the type 
of one of his sections of the genus Agama and named it Agama mutabilis. 
Lichtenstein 4 , in 1 823, made the following additions to the fauna of Egypt proper 
and to that of the upper part of the Nile - Valley : — 
i grceca, Linn. = Testudo leithii, Gthr. 
Ascalabotes sthenodactylus, Licht. = Stenodactylus elegans, Fitz. 
Uromastix ocellatus, Licbt. 
Lacerta boskiana, Daud. = Acanthodactylus boskiunus (Daud.). 
„ pardalis, Licht. = „ pardalis (Licht.). 
„ grammica, Licht. part. — „ s cut ella tus (Aud.). 
„ guttulata, Licht. = Eremias guttulata (Licht.). 
„ rubropunctata, Licht. = „ rubropunctata (Licht.). 
Scincus quinquetaniatus, Licht. = Mabuia quinquetaniata (Licht.). 
Coluber moniliger, Daud. = Psammophis sibilans (Linn.). 
Bufo viridis, Laur. 
„ cinereus (non Schn.). = Bufo regularis, Reuss. 
Besides these, Bufo fuscus, Laur., was stated to be present in Nubia, but it is 
impossible to say what species may have been meant. 
Riippell, in the beginning of 1817, visited Egypt for the first time. He landed at 
Alexandria and proceeded by Rosetta to Cairo and the Fayum and as far as the First 
Cataract. On his return to Lower Egypt, he visited Arabia Petraea (Sinaitic Peninsula) 
1 Daud. Hist. Rept. iv. 1803. 2 Hist. Nat. des Rept. vol. viii. 1803. 
5 Syst. Amph. 1820. * Doubl. Zool. Mus. Berl. 1823. 
h 
