354 THE BATRACHIANS OF EGYPT. 
12. Freshwater Canal, Suez. 
4. Backwaters of the Nile below Mena. 
8. The Fayum. Major E. H. Brown, R.E., C.M.G. 
7. Tel el Amarna. Professor W. M. Flinders Petrie, D.C.L. 
8. Assuan. 
.2. Wadi Haifa. 
1. Wadi Haifa. Surgeon-Captain E. H. Penton, D.S.O. 
Snout short and broad ; nostrils halfway between the eye and the extremity of the 
snout; interorbital space flat or slightly concave from side to side, equalling the breadth 
of the upper eyelid ; tympanum about the size of the eye or somewhat smaller, 
vertically oval, very prominent. Parotoid large, elongate, extending backwards to the 
vertical of the shoulder or even to that of the axilla. Males with a subgular vocal sac. 
First finger generally decidedly longer than the second ; toes one-third webbed, with 
small, simple, subarticular tubercles ; two well-developed metatarsal tubercles and a 
tarsal fold ; under surface of the toes and metatarsus with small horny capped tubercles. 
Tarso-metatarsal joint, when the limb is laid forwards, reaches the anterior border of 
the tympanum or to the eye. Skin covered with large and small warts capped with 
horny points. 
General colour olive-brown or olive-grey, with numerous more or less regular or 
irregular brown markings, and occasionally whitish spots ; upper lip usually barred 
with brown ; a brown bar below each nostril and generally three behind it ; a white 
vertebral line sometimes present ; underparts white, as a rule immaculate, occasionally 
with large dusky spots. 
<S . Snout to vent 91 millim. ; hind limb 106 ; long axis of eye 8 ; vertical diameter 
of tympanum 7"9. 
This species is very plentifully distributed over the valley of the Nile from the sea 
southwards. It is common at Suez in the Freshwater Canal and extends into 
North-western Arabia, and has been found by the late Sir Richard Burton in Midian. 
It is also spread over the greater part of the continent south of the Sahara, as it 
ranges from Somaliland and Abyssinia to Senegambia, and occurs at the Cape of 
Good Hope. 
The shape of the head varies considerably and also the breadth of the snout. 
The coloration is sometimes very pale, depending seemingly on the nature of the 
surroundings of the toad ; e. g., a breeding male from the sandy region of Ramleh was 
entirely pale greyish olive. 
It is closely allied to the Algerian toad, B. mauritanicus, but differs from it in 
having a larger tympanum, and by its toes being somewhat more webbed, with simple 
instead of double subarticular tubercles. 
At Kahun, where the remains of a whole provincial town of the 12th Dynasty have 
