352 TRANSACTIONS OF THE WAGNER FREE 



Genus OALYPTRJEA Lamarck. 



Calyplrcea Lam , Prodrome Nouveau Class., p. 78, 1799, not Lam. i8or. Type C. chi- 



nensis L. 

 TrochUa Schum., Essai, p. 184, 1817. 



Infutidibulum Sowerby, Min. Conch, i. pi. 97, 1812. Not of Montfort, Conch. Syst., 1810. 

 Galerus Humphrey, Mus. Calonnianum, p. 5, 1797 ; undescribed. 

 Leptonotis Conrad, 1866 (very young shell). 



The surface of the shell in this group varies much as in Crucibulum, 

 especially with the Eocene species. 



Oalyptrsea trochiformis Lamarck. 



C. trochiformis Lam., Ann. du Mus. v. i. p. 3S5, pi. 15, fig. 3, 1804; Deshayes, Coq. fos. 



bas. Paris, ii. p. 30, pi. 4, figs. 1-4, 11-13. 

 /. echinulatum -\- I. spinulosmn r /. tuberculatum Sby., Min. Conch, i. pi. 97, figs, i, 2, 7, 



1812. 

 Infundibulum trochiformis Lea, Contr. Geol., p. 96, pi. 3, fig. 76. 

 Infutidibulum. urticosum. Conr., Fos. Tert., ist Ed., No. 3, j3. 32, 1833. 

 Infundibultitn trochifoimis Conr., Fos. Tert., 2d Ed., p. 46, pi. 16, fig. 18. 

 Trochita alta Conrad, Wailes's Geol. Miss., p. 289, pi. xv. figs. 3 a, 3 b, 1S54; Proc. Acad. 



Nat. Sci. Phila., 1855, p. 259. 

 Infundibulum perartnatum Conr., Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. i. p. 31, 1841 ; Medial Tert., 



p. 80, pi. 45, fig. 6. 

 Trochita tetrica Conr., Checkl. Eoc. Fos. Smiths. Inst., p. 28, No. 817, 1866, fig'd ; Journ. 



Acad. Nat. Sci. i. pi. 11, fig. 3 ; cf. p. 113, lines 8 and 9 from top of page, also ref. to 



plates, p. 133. 

 Velutina {Otina) expansa Whitfield, Am. Journ. Conch, i. p. 265, pi. 27, figs. 14, 15, 1865, 



(young shell, i.o mm. in diam.). 

 Leptonotis (n. g.) expansa Conrad, Am. Journ. Conch, ii. p. 76, 1866. 



Fossil in the Eocene of the Paris Basin, and of Britain; in America in 

 that of the Claiborne sands and in the "white limestone" above it, in the 

 Vicksburg limestone at Vicksburg, Miss., and in the Eocene of Lee County, 

 Tex. ; in the Older Miocene of the Orthaulax bed, Ballast Point, Tampa Bay, 

 Florida, and of the Shiloh, N. J. (lowest), marl-bed ; in the Chesapeake Mio- 

 cene of the Choptank River, Md., and of Wilmington, N. C. 



This species usually begins with the early whorls smooth or faintly 

 striated, and, if it takes on radiating riblets or develops spines, they do not as 

 a rule appear before the beginning of the third whorl, counting from the apex. 

 Sometimes the whole surface is covered with vermicular shagreening, some- 

 times it is striated only by lines of growth, sometimes it has prominent tubular 

 spines, and these characters, as well as elevation and depression, are united in 

 a great variety of combinations. Conrad separated the Vick.sburg form from 

 the Claibornian, after having once united them ; he separated the Miocene 

 form from the Eocene, but the characters he gives are valueless. Any good 

 series of specimens will show that they graduate into one another, just as the 

 analogous variations of the recent Criicibiilvtn spmosum do at the present 

 day. To separate each mutation under a special name is to lose the lesson 

 they teach, and multiply names to no useful purpose. 



