Account of the Kaatskill Mountains. 13 
an inclination of a few degrees, to a horizontal position, and 
have their fissures filled with veins of Carbonate of Lime, 
of a white colour, translucent, and presenting a fine crystal- 
ization. The Wacke varies in colour, from light to dark 
brown, frequently resembling indurated clay. Ascending 
the hill, veins of Flint, Hornstone and Pitchstone appear on 
the surface, or in veins in the Wacke. The Pitchstone is 
of a black and dark green colour, and more abundant than 
the Flint or Hornstone. 
\ Petrifactions. 
On the Kaatskill creek three miles above the town, isa 
easeade of about 20 feet in height. South of this fall, the 
rocks which form the bed of the stream, run parallel with 
the current and are composed of Carbonate of Lime. They 
are partially composed of petrifactions of the clam, entro- 
cite, &c. ‘The entrocites vary in length from one to six 
inches, though they sometimes exceed this. 1 saw imbed- 
ded in one of the rocks, one of fifteen inches in length. They 
he on the surface and in an oblique and right angled posi- 
tion. As these petrifactions are siliceous and the matrix 
limestone, they rise above the surface, owing to the greater 
 -attrition of the rock. The entrocites commonly appear 
straight, and resemble vertebrae united to each other. Some- 
times they assume a twisted appearance, as if struggling to 
escape when first imbedded. I observed here several pie- 
ces of Madrepore adhering to the rock, or imbedded in it, 
weighing from ten to twenty pounds. In these rocks are 
veins of Flint, of several inches in width, partially covered 
with crystals of Quartz. ‘The rocks forming the bed of the 
stream appear to have been rent asunder, leaving cavities of 
several feet in breadth, and ten in depth, in which, when 
the stream is very low, most of the water runs. 
Diamond Hill. 
* 
At the termination of Main-Street, on the bank of the 
creek, is a small elevation called Diamond Hill, from the 
great number of Quartz crystals found in it. The rocks 
which compose this hill, bear a strong resemblance to those 
in the hill between the river and the village, only they are 
