of New-York and New-Jersey, Yc. 195 
waters contain carbonic acid, iron and muriate of soda. The 
Newark mountain terminates at Springfield—from this 
place where the continuity of the trap range is broken, the 
greenstone ridge takes a southwest direction for ten miles 
and then a west course ten more, from thence it bends to 
the northwest, terminating near Pluckamin—adjacent to this 
range a mountain is seen running a parallel course, corres- 
ponding to the second Newark mountain. Secondary green- 
stone is exclusively the rock in place of the summits and 
sides of both ranges ; it is frequently observed, but seldom 
in ledges of magnitude ; sandstone is quarried In various 
places between the hills and at their base ; it is observed in 
several instances under the greenstone in a nearly horizon- 
tal position with a small dip, sometimes alternating with se- 
condary compact limestone, that presents layers of from two 
inches to two feet in thickness. Prehnite is found in con- 
siderable quantities near the foot of the mountain inamygda- 
loid with a greenstone base, much of it partially decompo- 
sed ; it is sometimes seen imbedded in the rock in long par- 
allel columns of various dimensions, its fibres radiating from 
the centre. Zeolite, stilbite, crystals of quartz, and carbon- 
ate of lime were frequently seen in the valley between the 
mountains. North of Scotch plains I found sulphate of ba- 
rytes associated with carbonate of lime ; but a small portion 
of these ranges is cleared and cultivated. The seconda- 
ry mountain that takes a western course from Springfield, 
bordering the alluvial, has been called by some geologists the 
Granite-Ridge. Itis described as passing through New-Jer- 
sey, bordering the oceanic alluvial, whose highest point is 
seen near Hoboken, alluding doubtless to the height near 
Wehawk. The Gr eenstone-Ridge, would be a more ap- 
propriate name. Excepting the serpentine at Hoboken there 
are no primitive rocks in place between the Hudson and 
Highland chain—the summit rock of all the ranges is uni- 
formly secondary greenstone. ‘The secondary mountains 
of New-Jersey can, at a great distance, be distinguished 
from primitive by the regularity of their course and the as- 
pect of their summits. The Highland chain runs from 
northeast to southwest which is the general direction of the 
rimitive strata of mountains and vallies yet observed in 
the United States; none of the secondary ranges of New- 
Jersey pursue a course parallel with the primitive. The 
