224 Geology, Mineralogy, Scenery, &e. 
present case the sawing is performed by the waters of the 
Eastern Aspetuck ; the quarrying is carried on in the usual 
manner. One circumstance however was novel to me.— 
The marble is easily divided by wedges in the direction of 
its stratification, but if they wish to produce a vertical crack, 
they can effect it, and at the same time produce a horizontal 
one in the following manner. An auger is provided which 
is exactly of the form of an equilateral triangle ;—with this, 
a triangular* hole is bored, in such a manner that the basis of 
the triangle is in the plane of the horizon, or of the stratifi- 
cation, and of course a line let fall from the vertex so as 
equally to bisect the base, would be perpendicular to the 
horizon, or to the stratification. When this hole is charged 
with gun powder and fired in the usual manner, two cracks 
are produced, one horizontal 6r in the dire cubk of the stra- 
tification, andson both sides of the hole, and the other per- 
pendicular to the first. 
I was gratified to find the geological associations of this 
marble very distinct and exactly such as I had been led to 
anticipate. 
This marble forms a perfectly distinct bed in gneiss, 
which is found on both sides of it,and of course both above 
and below it. As we travel on toward the centre of New- 
Milford, the gneiss makes its appearance in various places 
in the road, and is every where attended by the marble.— 
According to the systematic arrangement of Mr. Werner, 
this is therefore the oldest primitive limestone, forming dis- 
tinct beds in gneiss. I was very solicitous to observe the 
junctions of the marble and gneiss, and was gratified in va- 
rious places. The transition from the one rock to the other 
was, however, in general, not perfectly abrupt, and a sensi- 
ble intermixture of the two rocks could be perceived for 
some feet on both sides of the junction. 
The two rocks accompany each other quite into the 
main street of New-Milford, and cross the river Housaton- 
ick somé little way below, and without doubt proceed on to 
Danbury, Reading, &c, where primitive limestone is found. 
_. The geological relations of this marble appear then to be 
perfectly distinct.—I may say they are very grand in their 
extent, A give us new reason to admire, that wonderful 
order and harmony, little suspected by people in general, 
*Tt would not necessarily be triangular—if the auger should be suffered to 
revolve, inthe usual manner, the hole would of course be cireular. 
