o 
Foreign Literature and Science. 347 
books of one hundred and fifty killogramms each, are annu- 
ally imported into Milan from France, Switzerland and 
England; and without including the books which come 
from Germany, and especially from the Austrian states, and 
this commerce is principally in the way of exchange. The 
number of books published in Lombardy alone in the year 
1819, ainounted in value to more than one million and forty 
thousand dollars.—Idem. — 
B. Braconnot has succeeded in convertgng by means of 
sulphuric acid, various ligneous sabstaibe, such as saw 
dust, linen rags, hempen tow, &c. into gum and sugar. 
The gum perfectly resembles that of the mmosa nilotica. 
The sugar is much like that which is extracted from grapes. 
—Idem. 
The Cashmeer goat has been introduced into the prov- 
ince of Rousillon in France with encouraging success. 
One hundred and twenty kids have been produced, and 
already bear the valuable down which characterises that 
species.—Idem. 
Drawing in perspective has been introduced into some of 
the elementary (Lancasterian) schools of France. A work 
on this subject, adapted to mutual instruction, has been pre- 
pared by Francceur, professor in Paris. 
The foundation of a new school for the fine arts has been 
laid in Paris, in the place where the museum of French 
monuments has been kept. 
The canal of Alexandria in Egypt is prosecuted with vig- 
our. Mines of lead. and iron have been lately discovered 
in upper Egypt. 
A steam boat has been constructed to run between Stock- 
holm and St. Petersburg. ‘The passage, which has hereto- 
fore been tedious and uncertain, can now be effected in 
sixty hours. 
The population of Sweden has increased in three years, 
viz. 1816, 17 and 18, by seventy-two thousand three hun- 
