914 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XVII. No. 440. 



IRON AND STEEL TRADE IN 1902. 



The report, now in press, on the iron and 

 steel trade for 1903, by Mr. James M. Swank, 

 United States Geological Survey, shows a 

 continued advance in the annual domestic 

 production of pig iron, the excess over 1901 

 being 1,942,953 tons, or almost 12.24 per cent. 

 The total production in 1902 was 17,821,307 

 long tons, as compared wth 15,878,354 tons 

 in 1901, 13,789,242 tons in 1900, 13,620,703 

 tons in 1899, 11,773,934 tons in 1898, and 

 9,625,680 tons in 1897. 



Notwithstanding this increase of produc- 

 tion, the imports of iron and steel in various 

 forms amounted in foreign value in 1902 to 

 $41,468,828, as against $20,395,015 in 1901, an 

 increase in 1902 of $21,073,811, or over 100 

 per cent. The total exports of iron and steel, 

 including locomotives, car wheels, machinery, 

 etc., amounted in 1902 to $97,892,036, as 

 against $102,534,575 in 1901, $129,633,480 in 

 1900, $105,690,047 in 1899. The exports of 

 agricultural implements, which are not in- 

 cluded above, amounted in 1902 to $17,981,497, 

 against $16,714,308 in 1901. 



The consumption of pig iron in 1902 was 

 approximately 18,439,899 long tons, of which 

 625,383 tons were imported, as compared with 

 16,232,446 tons in 1901, of which 62,930 tons 

 were imported. The increased production of 

 pig iron in 1902 over 1901 was 1,942,953 tons ; 

 the increased consumption was 2,207,453 tons. 



At the close of 1902 the number of furnaces 

 in blast was 307, as compared with 266 at the 

 close of 1901 and 232 at the close of 1900. 

 At the close of 1902 105 furnaces were out of 

 blast — many being temporarily banked from 

 lack of fuel — as against 140 furnaces at the 

 close of 1901. 



The production of Bessemer steel ingots and 

 castings increased more than half a million 

 tons in 1902— to 9,306,471 long tons; the 

 production of Bessemer steel rails remained 

 almost stationary. The production of open- 

 hearth steel ingots and castings in 1902 was 

 5,687,729 long tons, an increase of 1,031,420 

 tons over 1901. 



In the fiscal year 1902 there were built for 

 mercantile service 106 steel vessels and one 



iron vessel, with a gross tonnage of 280,363 

 tons, as compared with 119 steel vessels and 

 one iron vessel, with a gross tonnage of 196,- 

 851 tons, built in 1901. Of these 107 vessels, 

 49, with a gross tonnage of 161,930 tons, were 

 built at ports on the Great Lakes. 



The production of pig iron in Canada in 

 1902 increased to 319,557 long tons, over 30 

 per cent, as compared with 1901; and the 

 production of. steel ingots and castings in 

 1902 was 182,037 long tons, as compared with 

 26,084 tons in 1901, an increase of 155,953 

 tons, or nearly 600 per cent. 



The second part of Mr. Swank's report con- 

 sists of an interesting and valuable series of 

 tables presenting complete statistics of the 

 production of iron and steel, iron ore, and 

 coal in the United States, Great Britain, Ger- 

 many, France and Belgium, to the close of 

 1901, thus showing the progress that has been 

 made by these countries in the first year of 

 the twentieth century. 



'FESTSCHRIFT' IN HONOR OF PROFESSOR 

 TAVGHAN. 



A COMMITTEE consisting of John J. Abel, 

 Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. ; 

 Edmund Andrews, Chicago, 111.; Flemming 

 Carrow, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 

 Mich.; Richard Dewey, Wauwatisa, Wiscon- 

 sin; George Dock, University of Michigan, 

 Ann Arbor, Mich.; William J. Herdman, 

 University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich. ; 

 William H. Howell, Johns Hopkins Univer- 

 sity, Baltimore, Md. ; Franljlin P. Mall, Jphns 

 Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md. ; William 

 J. Mayo, Rochester, Minnesota; Lewis S. 

 Pilcher, Brooklyn, New Tork; Albert B. Pres- 

 cott. University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 

 Mich. ; Henry Sewall, Denver, Colorado ; and 

 G. Carl Huber, secretary, has sent out the 

 following announcement : 



The close of the present academic year marks 

 the twenty-fifth anniversary of the doctorate of 

 D'octor Victor C. Vaughan. Certain of the former 

 students of the Department of Medicine and Sur- 

 gery of the University of Michigan and his col- 

 leagues have deemed it opportune bo commemorate- 

 the long and valuable services which he has ren- 

 dered to his Alma Mater and to American medi- 



