958 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. XVII. No. 441. 



four casts in plaster of Paris, beginning from 

 the top, and these casts were exhibited to the 

 society. They presented an interesting 

 analogy to actual mountain districts, though, 

 of course, they did not show the results of 

 subsequent denudation due to rain and rivers. 

 It had long been observed that mountainous 

 districts showed two sets of lines at right 

 angles to one another. Any one who would 

 glance at a map of Scotland would see this 

 clearly. One set was represented by the Great 

 Glen, with the lochs and valleys parallel to it, 

 such as the Minsh, Loch Awe, Loch Fine and 

 many others; the second series at right angles 

 to it by Loch Shin, Loch Moree, the Sound 

 of Mull, etc. This characteristic of moun- 

 tain regions had long been known, and there 

 had been discussions as to whether the folds 

 were simultaneous or successive. Lord Ave- 

 bury's casts showed this feature very clearly, 

 and it was evident that the cross foldings took 

 place simultaneously. 



Investigations of artesian and other under- 

 ground waters and of springs will be con- 

 ducted in the following states during the 

 coming field season : Maine — Professor W. S. 

 Bayley will collect data in regard to deep wells 

 by correspondence and by field work in the 

 islands along the coast. He will be assisted 

 by Mr. W. C. Washburn. New Hampshire — 

 The occurrence of underground waters and of 

 springs will be studied by Mr. J. M. Boutwell, 

 who has already entered into communication 

 with well owners at many points in the state. 

 Vermont — Work on underground waters and 

 springs in this state will be conducted by Pro- 

 fessor George H. Perkins in connection with 

 his work as state geologist. Massachusetts 

 and Rhode Island — These states have been 

 divided into two districts, the northern dis- 

 trict including the northern and western por- 

 tions of Massachusetts, and the southern in- 

 eluding southeastern Massachusetts and 

 Phode Island. The wells and springs of the 

 former will be investigated by Mr. Lawrence 

 LaForge, and those of the latter by Professor 

 W. O. Crosby. Connecticut — The services of 

 Professor H. E. Gregory have been secured for 

 the investigations of underground water and 



springs in this state. He will prob 

 one or more assistants in the work. New 

 York — Two problems are under investigation 

 in this state; the first is an investigation of 

 the geology and water resources of Long Is- 

 land by Messrs. M. L. Fuller, A. C. Veatch, 

 W. 0. Crosby, and several assistants; the sec- 

 ond relates to the occurrence, composition and 

 economic value of the spring waters of the 

 state. The latter investigation will be con- 

 ducted by Mr. F. B. Weeks, in cooperation 

 with Dr. A. C. Peale on the statistical and 

 chemical sides of the problem. New Jersey — 

 The work in this state is being conducted in 

 cooperation with the State Geological Survey. 

 It is expected that the artesian well investiga- 

 tions will be completed during the summer, 

 and that a report will be prepared by Mr. G. 

 N. KJnapp during the fall and winter. 

 Georgia — Mr. S. W. McCallie, assistant state 

 geologist, will probably complete his investiga- 

 tions and prepare a report on artesian and un- 

 dergroimd waters in the state. Alahama — ■ 

 Professor E. A. Smith, state geologist, will 

 continue his investigations of the occurrence 

 of imderground waters. Mississippi — The 

 work in this state, which has been going on 

 for some time, will be continued by Mr. L. 0. 

 Johnson. KentucJcy and Tennessee — ^Dr. L. 

 C. Glenn will undertake an examination of 

 the portion of the Mississippi embayment area 

 lying within the limits of these states, with the 

 special object of determining its underground 

 water resources. Arkansas — The investiga- 

 tions in this state consist of correspondence 

 with well owners and drillers and of field work 

 along the contact of the Paleozoic rocks with 

 the embayment deposits in the northern part 

 of the state. Missouri — Professor E. M. 

 Shepard will carry on investigations relating 

 to deep wells and springs, with a view to 

 preparing a report at an early date. Iowa — 

 Professor W. H. Norton will continue his 

 studies on deep wells, and will prepare a re- 

 port on the artesian waters of the state. 

 Minnesota — Professor C. W. Hall will com- 

 plete a report on the water resources of Min- 

 nesota, and will probably investigate new de- 

 velopments along similar lines, as they occur. 

 Wisconsin, Illinois and Upper Michigan — The 



