25G BOTANY. 



broad, transversely dilated scale; wings of seeds pale, very oblique, as long 

 as wide; cotyledons 5-7, usually 6. 



Common on the mountains of New Mexico and Arizona. Thence 

 extending through Southern Colorado and Utah and throughout the Cali- 

 fornia Sierras. A tree of beautiful foliage, highly prized in cultivation ; 

 furnishing better timber than the last, from which (besides the characters 

 already enumerated) it can always readily be distinguished by the two 

 resin-ducts of its leaves lying close to the epidermis of the under surface. 

 In Colorado as well as in California it has often been named A. grandis, a 

 species which properly belongs to the coast regions of Oregon, the Lower 

 Columbia River, Vancouver Island, etc. 



Picea* Engelmanni, Engelm. ; Abies JSngelmanni, Parry; Pinus com- 

 mutata, Parlat. — Large trees, 60-100° high, with thin, cinnamon-brown, 

 scaly bark; bran chiefs mostly pubescent; leaves 4-sided, slender and 

 acute or acuminate in younger, and shorter, stouter, short-pointed, and 

 curved in older trees (especially in higher altitudes), with stomata on 

 both sides ; cones oval or oblong, about 2" long, paler or purplish, fall- 

 ing off at maturity ; scales thin, erose-denticulate, broad, with a rounded 

 edge or usually somewhat prolonged upward and truncate ; seeds half as 

 long as the very oblique wing, usually with 6 cotyledons. 



San Francisco Mountains, Bischoff; Sierra Blanca, Gilbert; Mount 

 Graham, Rothrock (784). The most southern localities known of this 

 northern and sub-alphine species, which extends through the Rocky Mount- 

 ains to British Columbia and to Oregon, forming extensive forests. A 

 beautiful tree, often 2° and even 3° in diameter ; timber similar to that of P. 

 nigra of the Northeast and P. excelsa of Europe: above timber line, it 

 dwarfs down to mere shrubs, often prostrate, but loaded with cones. 



* Picea, Liuk, not Don ; Alms, Don ; Abies suet. (Sprnces), Gray's Man. ; Pinus sect. Picea, 

 Endl., Parlat. — Coniferous trees with single evergreen, more or less 4-sided leaves, which at last sepa- 

 rate from a prominent, persistent, ligneous base; flowering from the axils of the leaves of the previous 

 year ; staminate flowers as in Abies, hut stamens tipped with a large, nearly orbicular, denticulate crest; 

 cells opening longitudinally ; pollen as in Abies, 0.09-0.i:S" ,m in longer diameter; cones pendulous from 

 the ends of short or elongated brauchlets, maturing in one season ; scales and small enclosed membra- 

 naceous bracts persistent on the axis ; seeds without balsam-vesicles, imbedded in the excavation of the 

 membranaceous base of the wing, which leaves tueir under side nearly free and permits them to drop 

 out.— Trees of slower growth than the firs, with white, soft, but tough, close, and highly esteemed timber. 



