618 DIANTHUS. [CLASS X. ORDER n. 



muricated. It is readily cultivated in the garden, and when in a close 

 cluster is rather ornamental. 



Sect. 2. Caryophyllum, Ser. De Cand. Prod. 1, p. 357. Flotvers 

 paniculated, or solitary. 



3. D. Caryophyl'lus, Linn. (Fig. 703.) Clove Pink, Carnation, or 

 Clove Gillyflower. Stem branched ; flowers solitary ; scales of the 

 calyx four, ovate, sub-mucronate, four times shorter than the calyx 

 tube; leaves linear, subulate, smooth, glaucous, channeled; petals 

 broad, crenated, smooth. 



English Botany, t. 214. — English Flora, vol. ii. p. 287. — Hooker, 

 British Flora, vol. i. p. 203. — Lindley, Synopsis, p. 44. 



Root rather woody, with branched fibres. Stems several from the 

 same root, smooth and glaucous, like the rest of the plant, somewhat 

 angular, branched in a paniculated manner above, each branch ter- 

 minated with a solitary, rarely with two flowers. Leaves opposite, 

 linear, awl-shaped, channeled, smooth, except being somewhat toothed 

 near the base, keeled, but without lateral ribs. Flowers pale pink, 

 fragrant. Scales of the calyx four, roundish ovate, with an awl- 

 shaped point, about four times shorter than the tube of the calyx, the 

 two outer ones smallest, and more distinctly ribbed than the others. 

 Calyx about an inch long, cylindrical, smooth, finely striated, the limb 

 of five lanceolate erect teeth. Petals five, wedge-shaped, tapering into 

 a slender long claiv, the limb unequally toothed, at the top smooth. 

 Stamens with short simple filaments, of unequal lengths. Anthers 

 ovate, yellow, often abortive. Styles as long as the calyx, with spread- 

 ing filaments, long and downy. Capsule smooth, ovate, mostly many 

 seeded. 



Habitat. — Old buildings and ruined walls, probably naturalized ; 

 about Norwich, old arch of Westonhanger, on the Castles of Deal, 

 Sandown, Rochester, &c. 



Perennial ; flowering in July. 



This is generally considered the parent of the numerous varieties of 

 carnations of our gardens ; it is, however, so altered by cultivation, 

 and intermixed with other species, that no one seeing it so insignificant 

 in appearance in a wild state, when compared with the many splendid 

 and large varieties that are now grown in our gardens, would take them 

 to be the same plant. 



The Carnation, as a garden flower, has, from almost time immemorial, 

 been of considerable value; its foliage is evergreen, and is more cheer- 

 ful and fresh looking during the winter than the summer season. The 

 flowers are very beautiful, and many of the varieties are extremely 

 fragrant ; it is easy of cultivation in a rich loamy rather sandy soil, 

 and is propagated either by layers or cuttings, or by seeds: when the 

 same species is wished to be propagated, it must be by the former 

 method, for the seeds rarely produce the same flower as the parent, so 



