694 PYRUS. [CLASS XII. ORDER II. 



colour. Styles about as long as the stamens, three to five. Fruit 

 small, greenish white, scattered over with small brown spots, with cells 

 the same number as the styles. 



Habitat. — Woods and hedges, especially in the Midland and Southern 

 Counties. 



Tree; flowering in April and May. 



This species is called P. torminalis, from the griping pains which 

 the unripe fruit produces when eaten, an effect which it is not so liable 

 to produce after having been mellowed by the frost ; it is then of a 

 pleasant acid flavour, and said to give tone to the stomach and bowels, 

 but is not much esteemed. 



4. P. A'ria, Sm. (Fig. 790.) White Beam- tree. Leaves ovate, 

 simple, cut and serrated, white and downy beneath ; flowers in a dense 

 flat corymb ; fruit globose. 



English Botany, t. 1858.— English Flora, vol. i. p. 366.— Hooker, 

 British Flora, ed. 4. p. 197. — Lindley, Synopsis, p. 105. — Cratcegus 

 Aria, liinn. 



/5, intermedia. Leaves more deeply cut. 



/3. English Flora, vol. ii. p. 366. — P. intermedia, Ehrhart. — Lindley, 

 Synopsis, p. 105. 



A moderate sized tree, with straight branches, the younger ones 

 downy, the bark smooth, reddish brown. Leaves alternate, and several 

 in a cluster at the ends of the branches, ovate or ovate oblong, doubly- 

 serrated, or cut into more or less deep cut lobes, and serrated, not 

 pinnatifid, nearly smooth above, white and downy beneath, with the 

 downy footstalk running into a straight mid-rib, with transverse 

 branches. Inflorescence a large flat topped corymb, of numerous white 

 flowers, the branches much divided and downy. Bracteas small, linear, 

 soon falling away. Calyx very woolly, the limb of short segments. 

 Petals roundish ovate, with a short claw. Stamens with linear awl- 

 shaped filaments, and ovate anthers, of two cells. Styles two, some- 

 times three or four, woolly at the base. Fruit globular, scarlet, dotted, 

 mealy, with as many two seeded cells as there are styles. 



Habitat. — Woods and hedges in mountainous districts, especially in 

 a limestone soil in various parts of England and Scotland. Cunna- 

 mara and Killarney, Ireland. j3. on the walls at Castle Dinas y Brdu, 

 Denbighshire. 



Tree ; flowering in May and June. 



The leaves of this species vary greatly in the more or less deeply cut 

 lobes, and from these appearances the P. intermedia, Ehrhart, has been 

 separated; but it and perhaps the following species ought to be united 

 to it. 



6. P. pinnatifida, Ehrh. (Fig. 791.) Bastard Mountain Ash. 

 Leaves deeply pinnatifid, or oblong and pinnated, or deeply pinnatifid 



