702 ROSA. [CLASS XII. ORDER III. 



are red, to every shade of pink or purple, yellow and white, or striped, 

 and they are single, semi-double, or double. Their medicinal pro- 

 perties are slightly tonic and astringent ; but as a perfume, it has 

 already been observed, they have been esteemed from the earliest recorded 

 periods. The petals of the R. centifolia are mostly used for the making 

 of Rose water, and for procuring attar; six pounds weight of the 

 petals, distilled with water, will strongly impregnate a gallon with its 

 odour, and between two and three hundred pounds are required to 

 make, by the same process, an ounce of the attar. They are not culti- 

 vated for these purposes in England, as the attar can be procured at a 

 much cheaper rate from Tunis, Alexandria, or Constantinople, where 

 Roses are cultivated for this purpose to a very considerable extent. 

 The cultivation of the Rose, for the most part, is not difficult, whether to 

 bloom them, propagate their species, or procure varieties from seeds; 

 but for information on these heads we must refer the reader to the 

 numerous excellent publications illustrative of this genus ; and to 

 the various Horticultural periodicals which give ample instructions 

 for their cultivation, &c. 



2. PiMPiNELLi'FOLi^, Lind. Branches setigerous. Prickles slender, 

 straight, or slightly curved, unequal, sometimes unarmed. Flowers 

 with small or without bractea, mostly solitary. Leaflets mostly 

 ovale. Calyx segments converging, not separating from the fruit. 

 Disk very thin. 



2. R. rubella, Sm. (Fig. 798.) Red Fruited Dwarf Rose. Stem 

 and branches densely setigerous; prickles slender, nearly straight; 

 leaflets simply serrated, naked, without glands ; fruit oblong, urceo- 

 late, pendulous. 



English Botany, t. 2521. — English Flora, vol. ii. p. 375. — Hooker, 

 British Flora, ed. 3. p. 228. — Lindley, Synopsis, p. 99. — R. alpina, 

 Q. rubella, Ser. MSS.— De Cand. Prod.'2. p. 612. 



Root with creeping suckers. Shrub, from two to four feet high, 

 with round spreading much divided branches, copiously clothed with 

 seta, with a few slender straight or slightly deflexed prickles scattered 

 amongst them. Leaves smooth, with a few glands, setae, and some- 

 times slender prickles, scattered upon the footstalk, petioles, and mid- 

 ribs. Leaflets from seven to eleven, dark green above, paler beneath, 

 roundish or elliptic, obtuse, with simple acute rarely gashed serratures, 

 mostly tipped when young with glands. Stipules mostly wider, and 

 spreading at the points, the margin fringed with glands. Flowers 

 ■solitary, rarely two together. Peduncles sometimes with a small 

 hractea, rough, with more or less crowded setae, as well as the calyx 

 lube, with its simple segments shorter than the petals, often dilated at 

 the points, and more or less setose, downy within. Petals five, spread- 

 ing, concave, cream coloured, pale pink, often blotched with crimson 

 externally, and by cultivation its varieties are sometimes entirely so. 

 JStigmas prominent, hairy. Fruit ovate, tapering at each end, of a 



