SCIENCE. 



Editorial Committee : S. Newcomb, Mathematics ; R. S. Woodward, Mechanics ; E. C. Pickering, As- 

 tronomy ; T. C. JIexdexhall, Physics ; R. H. Tiiueston, Engineering ; Iea Remsex, Chemistry ; 

 Joseph Le Coxte, Geology; W. M. Davis, Physiograpliy ; O. C. Marsh, Paleontologj- ; W. K. 

 Brooks, Invertebrate Zoology ; C. Hart Mebriam, Vertebnite Zoology ; N. L. Brittox, 

 Botany ; Henry F. Osborn, General Biology ; H. P. Bowditch, Physiology ; 

 J. S. Billings, Hygiene ; J. McKeen Cattell, Psychology ; 

 Daniel G. Brixton, J. W. Powell, Anthropology. 



Friday, January 4, 1895. 



CONTENTS: 



To Our Feaders : S. Newcomb 1 



ScriptoribiiH et Lectoribns, Salutem. D. C. Oilman, 2 

 The Character and Aims of Scientific Investigation: 



Daniel G. Beinton. . ! 3 



Amerim's Selation to the Adcance of Science: G. 



Brown Goode 4 



Legal Cnits of Electric Pleasure : T. C. Mendex- 



H^VLL 9 



The Jliimanities : J. W. Powell 15 



Zoologieal Nomenclature: C. Haet Meeriam 18 



The Need of a Change of Base in the Studt/ of North 



American Orlhoptera: SAMUEL H. SCUDDER...19 

 Scientific Literature : — ■ 20 



Ziwet's Mechanics: R. S. W. Osborn^s From 



the Greeks to Darwin: A. S. Packard. 



Bateson's Materials for the Study of Variation : 



H. W. Conn. Ethnological Jurisprudence : D. 



G. B. Botanical : N. L. B. 

 Notes :— 26 



The Scientific Societies ; Physics; Anthropology; 



Edumliimal ; Forthcoming Books. 



Societies itnd Academies 28 



Scientific Journals 28 



New Books 28 



MSS. intended for publication and books, etc., intended 

 for review .should be sent to the responsible editor, Prof. J. 

 McKeen Cattell, GarrLson on Hudson. N. Y. 



Subscriptions ( five dollars annually ) and advertisements 

 should be sent to the Publisher of SCIENCE, 41 East 49th St., 

 New York. 



TO GUI! READERS. 

 After. a brief period of suspension this 

 journal again appears, greeting its readers 

 with the compliments of the season. The 

 interest in its future which has been showTi 

 in various quarters during the past few 

 months, convinces its editorial start" that 

 there is room for a journal devoted to the 

 promotion of intercourse among those inter- 



ested in the study of nature. The separa- 

 tion of our investigators around many 

 widely separated centres, and the conse- 

 quent lack of communication between them, 

 increases the necessity of such a journal, as 

 well as the difficulty of adapting it to the 

 wants of all classes of subscribers. The expe- 

 rience of centuries show's tliat great success 

 in advancing scientific knowledge cannot be 

 expected even fi-om the most gifted men, so 

 long as they remain isolated. The attrition 

 of like minds is almost as necessary to intel- 

 lectual production as companionship is to 

 conversation. In saying this I am not un- 

 mindful that such men as Copernicus, Kepler 

 aud Leibnitz were little stimulated by the 

 companionship of other minds while think- 

 ing out their great works. But if the age for 

 discoveries of the kind which these men 

 made is not past, it is certain that work of the 

 kind they did can be repeated onlj- once in 

 many generations. What other autl less for- 

 tunate investigators have to do is to develop 

 ideas, investigate facts, and discover laws. 

 The commencement of this w'ork of develop- 

 ment on a large scale, and with brilliant suc- 

 cess, was coeval with the formation of the 

 Roj'al Society of London and the Academj^ 

 of Sciences of France. When these bodies 

 came together their members began to talk 

 aud to think. How imperfectly they thought, 

 and how little they knew the way to learn, is 

 shown more fully by the history of their de- 

 bates and by the questions discussed at their 



