118 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. I. No. 5. 



tained so as to keep the tension below 20 

 mm. of mercury, and after the oxygen is set 

 free the Sprengel part is left working alone, 

 and that carries off the CO2, as it is slowly 

 evolved, mthout necessitating close atten- 

 tion of the operator or the fatigue of raising 

 and lowering the reservoir bulb of mercury. 

 Further Experiments Upon JEquilibriimi in 



Fishes. F. S. Lee. 



Previous work of Dr. Lee has shown that 

 the organs of the sense of equilibrium lie in 

 the ear, the semicircular canals mediatmg 

 sensations of movements in curves, the 

 otolithic parts sensations of the resting 

 body. Recent experiments prove that the 

 otolithic parts are, moreover, sensory organs 

 for progressive movements, i. e., movements 

 in a straight line. Hence the ear deals 

 with all three groups of equilibrium sen- 

 sations of which the living body is capable. 



Stimulation of the central end of the 

 lateral nerve causes coordinated movements 

 of the fins, analogous to those resulting 

 from stimulation of the acoustic. This 

 indicates that the organs of the lateral line 

 are organs of equilibrium. 



All experiments to prove that fishes 

 possess a sense of hearing have so far given 

 only negative results. 

 Equilibrium in the Ctenophora F. S. Lee. 



Dr. Lee reported the results of experi- 

 ments made under his direction by Mr. J. C. 

 Thompson on the equilibrium phenomena 

 of the Ctenophora. The normal animal ex- 

 hibits definite positions of rest and definite 

 coordinated movements. After removal 

 of the otolith the resting positions are no 

 longer maintained, and incoordination in 

 movement appears. Forced movements do 

 not result. If the body be cutinto two parts, 

 one with and one without the otolithic or- 

 gan, the former maintains its equilibrium, 

 he latter doest not. All attempts to dem- 

 onstrate a sense of hearing failed. 



The two following papers, because of the 

 lack of time, were read by title: 



On cJianges of Structure in the Pancreatic Cell 



corresponding ivith Functional Change. A. 



P. Mathews. (Introduced by F. S. Lee.) 

 On the Existence of Secretory Nerves. A. P. 



Mathews. (Introduced by F. S. Lee.) 

 On Cardio-oesophagogeal Movements. S. J, 



Meltzer. 



Dr. Meltzer has shown in a former paper 

 that the outflow of arterial blood from, and 

 the inflow of venous blood to, the thorax 

 produce the cardiac movements which are 

 obtaiuable from the pleuritic cavity as well 

 from the trachea and the nose. lu this 

 paper he described the cardio-oesophageal 

 movements arising from the same cause. 

 He exhibited tracings which he obtained 

 fourteen years ago from his own oesophagus, 

 while studying the mechanism of degluti- 

 tion. His recent studies were made on 

 curarized dogs. By means of vagus inhibi- 

 tion the beginning and the end of each car- 

 diac cycle were made recognizable. Nearly 

 all the curves have the character of a ' nega- 

 tive pulse ' and have no similarity either 

 to a sphygmo- or cardiogram. The con- 

 stant characteristic undulationse seen at 

 the beginning of each cardiac cycle are 

 due to the movements of the auricle, which 

 are more marked in the posterior mediasti- 

 num. 

 Cortex of the Brain: (a) Localization; (6) 



Developmsnt of. T. W. Mills. 



Dr. Mills undertook this research in con- 

 nection with a studjr of the psychic devel- 

 opment of young animals. It became ne- 

 cessary, however, as a precaution and guide 

 in studjdng the functional development of 

 cortical centres to make experiments on 

 mature animals. While, during these ex- 

 periments, most of the commonly accepted 

 localization as set forth by Ferrier was veri- 

 fied in a general way, the results did not all 

 harmonize with those of this investigator. 

 Attention was called to details in the corti- 

 cal motor localization of the rabbit and 

 pigeon more especially, which were at vari- 



