334 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. I. No. 12. 



cable ; its members are appointed for a 

 period of six years, one-tliird changing ev- 

 ery two years. Owing to former dissen- 

 sions in the faculty of the University, the 

 time of all the professors expires on June 

 15th ; and the Board, at its meeting in Jujie, 

 will elect an entire new faculty, including 

 president and professors. This applies only 

 to the professors of the University, not to 

 members of the Agricultural Station Staff. 

 Dr. Rudolph J. J. de Roode, Chemist of the 

 Station, resigned the first of February, to 

 accept a more lucrative position in New 

 York. His position has been filled by the 

 appointment of B. H. Hite as chemist and 

 G. Wm. Gray as assistant chemist, both of 

 Johns Hopkins University. 



SOCIETIES AND ACADEMIES. 

 THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON. 



At the meeting held March 9, 1895, the 

 papers were presented, of which abstracts 

 are here given. 



Dr. C. W. Styles spoke of A double-pored 

 Cestode with occasional single poi-es.* Great 

 stress has been laid upon the arrangement 

 of the genital pores in the classification of 

 the Cestoda, but this character alone is not 

 of generic value. Stiles has already shown 

 that although Thysanosoma Giardi generally 

 possesses alternate genital pores, it occa- 

 sionally possesses double pores in its seg- 

 ments. In American rabbits, the speaker 

 finds two species of tapeworms, one of 

 which possesses irregularly alternate geni- 

 tal pores and a peculiar arrangement of the 

 eggs in capsules — such as is found in the 

 genus Darainea ; this makes it possible that 

 this species is the adult stage of the armed 

 cysticercois described from the intestine of 

 rabbits in his Note 31 ; if this be so, the 

 parasite would be classified with the genus 

 Darainea, although, according to Eailliet's 



*To be published as ' Notes on Parasites, 36 : A 

 double-pored Cestode with occasional single pores ' in 

 Centralblatt fiir Bact. u. Parasitenkunde, 1895. 



present classification, based upon the ar- 

 rangements of the pores, it is an Andrya. 

 The second tapeworm possesses double geni- 

 tal pores. If classified on its pores alone, it 

 is a Ctenotmnia Rail. It differs from the 

 type of the genus ( Ct. maniiotcc) in possess- 

 ing a double uterus instead of a single 

 uterus. One strobila of this rabbit tape- 

 worm ( Ctenotmnia sj). '?) was found in which 

 most of the segments possessed double pores, 

 but thirteen segments were found with ir- 

 regularly alternate pores. This anomaly is 

 extremely important, both from a morpho- 

 logical and a systematic standpoint, and the 

 speaker expressed the opinion that a thor- 

 ough study of a large series of Cestoda in 

 any group would result in greatly modify- 

 ing the present classification and in sup- 

 pressing a large number of species. 



Dr. Theo. Holm discussed (Edema of Violet 

 Leaves. Leaves of a cultivated garden va- 

 riety of Viola odorata aflected with this dis- 

 ease were studied, and their anatomical 

 structure showed several points of interest. 

 The diseased parts of the leaf showed brown- 

 ish, wart-like swellings on both faces of the 

 blade, above and between the nerves. The 

 following changes were observed in the 

 tissues : The epidermis became very thick- 

 walled, and the stomata modified into nar- 

 row, irregular openings. The palisade tis- 

 sue showed numerous (three or even four) 

 tangential divisions, and swelled up very 

 considerablj'^, jjushing out thi-ough the epi- 

 dermis. The pneumatic tissue, which 

 seemed to be the most affected, had in- 

 creased in size, the cells having divided 

 themselves very considerably so as to form 

 a loose, open tissue of large, roundish cells. 

 The petiole showed similar symptoms of the 

 disease, especially along the keel and the 

 wings. The coUenchymatic tissue under- 

 neath the epidermis, the bark pareuchj^ma, 

 and the endodermis showed numerous divi- 

 sions, so that similar swellings were pro- 

 duced like those observed on the leaf blade. 



