528 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. \0L. I. No. 19. 



mals, the otlier of parasitic plants. The 

 ' animals ' treated of are uiainlj' insects, 

 and the various orders taken up are Lepi- 

 doptera, Coleoptera, Orthoptera, Hemiptera 

 and Arachnida. Under each of these heads 

 the species belonging to the orders are dis- 

 cussed, and facts are given regarding their 

 life histoiy, geographical distribution, nat- 

 ural enemies, influence of external condi- 

 tions on development, means of destruction 

 and bibliography. The cryptogamic ene- 

 mies of the vine form the subject of the 

 second part, and we have here discussions 

 of Oidium, mildew, anthracnose, pourridie 

 (caused by Agaricus melleus) , Vibris&ea hypo- 

 gea, melanose, black rot and one or two 

 others. There are no especially new facts 

 given in the volume as far as observed. 

 The plates are beautifuUj'- drawn and col- 

 ored and have the merit of being mainly 

 new, only a very few figures having been 

 copied from other authors. 



J. F. James. 



Icones fungorum ad usum Sylloges Saccardiance 

 Aecommodatw. A. 1^. Beelese. Vol. 2, 

 fasc. 1, pp. 28, pi. 45. 

 This, the first part of a. new volume of 

 this sumptuous work, has just been pub- 

 lished. It sustains the high character of 

 the first A^olume. In it Dr. Berlese dis- 

 cusses the species of Saccardo's section Dlc- 

 tyosporce of the Sphcniacece, giving diagnosis 

 of the species of Pleomassaria, Kardemda 

 and Pleospora. Only two new species are 

 described, viz., Pleospora parvula on stems 

 of Berberis vulgaris, and P. magnusiana on 

 cu-lms and leaves of Glyeeria vahliana. The 

 latter name is proposed for P. pentamera of 

 Berlese's monograph, as the form is now 

 considered distinct fi-om Karsten's species 

 of this name. Pleospora carpnnicola Ell. & 

 Ever, is transferred to the genus Karste- 

 nida ; and P. hysteroides Ell. & Ever, is re- 

 garded as a sub-species of P. andropogonis 

 ISTiessl. These are all the changes proposed, 



which seems quite remarkable in these 

 daj's. The illustrations are excellent, and 

 while some species seem to be perilously 

 near others, doubtless a carefullj- discrimr- 

 nating eye would be able to separate them. 

 Joseph F. Jasies. 

 Washington, D. C. 



NOTES AND NEWS. 



General John Newton, U. S. A., engi- 

 neer, died on May l,at the age of seventj'- 

 two years. He was elected a member of 

 the National Academy of Sciences in 1876. 



Dr. Karl Ludwio, professor of physi- 

 ology in the University of Leipzig, died on 

 April 27, at the age of seventy-niue years. 



The Johns Hophins University Circidar for 

 April contains the address made bj- Presi- 

 dent Low on the Nineteenth Commemora- 

 tion Day, Februar 3^ 22 . The address was en- 

 titled ' A City University,' and gives an 

 admirable review of the scope of a great 

 university and its relation to the city in 

 which it is situated. After describing the 

 different plans of the American, German, 

 French and English university, IMi-. Low 

 continued: "The aim which the German 

 university has set before itself and which 

 it has very largely realized under the con- 

 ditions natural to German life, is the aim, 

 in mj' judgment, which the American uni- 

 versitj' also should set before itself, and 

 which it must realize under the conditions 

 natural to American life. Because, after 

 all has been said, the world is ruled by its 

 thinkers, and civilization is carried for- 

 ward by the patient investigators of natm-al 

 laws ; the lives of men are largelj' shajjed 

 bj' the teachings of experience as revealed 

 by historic study; and the literature of 

 men is enriched by every addition to our 

 knowledge of the literature and language 

 of the ijast. Nature's craftsmen in all these 

 directions will produ^ce results according to 

 their gifts outside of a university if they get 

 no opportunity ■nithin it. But the history 



