116 GUIDEBOOK OF THE WESTERN UNITED STATES. 
There are several hundred cinder cones in the field, presenting a 
great variety in size, height, and stage of preservation. Many have 
deep craters or hopper-shaped cavities at the top. The distribution 
of most of them is shown in figure 24, which also shows the approxi- 
mate extent of the lava fields. Excellent views of cinder cones may 
be had to the northwest from mileposts 321, 324, and 325, and at 
Winona there are two small cones a short distance south of the track. 
At milepost 326 the railway reaches the south edge of the great 
basalt flow. It continues along this edge but is built mostly on the 
underlying limestone almost as far as Flagstaff. There is a cut in 
the basalt on the north side of the track at milepost 326. At mile- 
post 328, just east of Winona, the railway enters the basalt area, on 
EN 
—E Ae Fe gene Caan era 
o * coe eee 
ait} / - e Base 
S Pee 5 1% ml 
et, og i} ! ~~ iM 
Ge Mb ei oat tes * 
t a - for ees -— x 
~) J ope Se for ae x \ yn 
ipl is 
\ 4 2 = pie ee Ree Le i 
fx “g x x ait 
a J oe “3 ‘is, 
rs se —*, “= R 
/ meee x oe x" x ice ‘ 
2 xx ¥ Mis 3 . oa 5 u 
Si ae Ser 
ya ae = x on * ¥ Ky wt x oe ue me 
A x * rag San Francisco *%%, ¢ Lee 
iP WH il x ry ~ Fx uw ® ~ 
> ~ x *Sitgreaveg Pk "Mtn DA eas 
PAsh ‘ork. x » ~ «ex ‘ 
‘ ey ae Saxe x . > 
x > 
‘ Vaux ea! “a ‘ x2 Pete is ek ee 
ay png 7. ° Sd fie 
\ Cig ee x ‘Elden Mtn ‘x ic 
3 x x x ¢ “nl ~ 
x i = x Sighs AS Bad oe ie 
. = * x — 
i Bill Williams Mtn accnigtra Me TONE 
a x » if ve: L | 
SS * * ig x * ' ise 
) a A V c % Pir igh Xe } N 
\ Lawes A A oe 3 ) 4 
1 , ren 
. kG a. tt ee) ee inst a x 
tO i * AN xx Peer ~ 
aie Vy. * Bi i 
Ae x i “eee 
* = Cinder cones eS ES Se } 
mostly recent ee Ber: { *Mormon Mtn! 
i 
10 12] 10 20 30 Miles 
Aictribntion 
S 
field in the San Francisco Mountain district, Ariz 
? 
FicurE 24.—Map of the lava bh 
of ci cones marking vents of eruption. (After H. H. Robiason.) 
which it continues for about a mile, and at many points in the next 
few miles the edge of the basalt is a short distance north of the tracks. 
Between Winona and Cosnino sidings the San Francisco Mountains 
are in plain sight to the northwest, and many minor volcanic peaks 
are also visible to the north. In greater part the railroad is built 
on the Kaibab limestone, which is well exposed in several cuts. 
At Cosnino the pines begin to be numerous and of large size, and 
a short distance to the west, at an altitude of about 6,300 feet, the 
traveler enters the great pine forest which extends con- 
re tinuously to Williams. Cosnino is a name formerly 
ae ens to the Havasupai tribe of Yuman Indians, 
who live in Cataract Canyon, near Grand Canyon. 
They once occupied permanent villages on the Arizona Plateau but 
