THE SANTA FE ROUTE. 121 
Kendrick Peak are andesite and dacite. Mount Sitgreaves received 
its name from an Army officer who explored this country in order to 
find a suitable line for a road to the West. He crossed from Zuni 
by way of the San Francisco Mountains to the Colorado above 
Mohave River. P 
From Maine to Williams there are to the north and south many 
large cinder cones, mostly of red color. To the southwest rises Bill 
Williams Mountain, named for a noted trapper who was originally a 
Methodist preacher in Missouri. He lived with many Indian tribes 
and learned their language, an accomplishment which made him 
useful as a guide, and he was with Gen. Frémont in his expedition. 
He was finally killed by Indians while trading with them. 
Bill Williams Mountain is a huge isolated pile of andesite and 
dacite of the second stage of eruption, forming a prominent landmark 
for many miles in all directions. It is a short distance south of 
Williams and rises to an altitude of 9,642 feet. Some of the same 
kind of rock as that of which the mountain consists is exposed in the 
railway cut a short distance east of Williams. 
Williams is a growing village sustained very largely by the lumber 
industry and numerous neighboring ranches. Several large mills cut 
into lumber logs brought from the west side of the 
Williams, Tusayan National Forest, a reservation covering the 
Elevation 6,762 feet. western. part of the great forest beginning east of 
opulation 1,267. : : : 
Kansas City 1,299miles, Flagstaff, of which the Coconino National Forest is the 
eastern part. The hotel at Williams, the Fray 
Marcos, was named from Marcos de Niza, who was the provincial 
father of the order of Franciscans in New Spain. He made an 
expedition into this unknown country in 1539, guided by the negro 
Estevan, who had accompanied Cabeza de Vaca in his earlier expe- 
dition from the Gulf of Mexico across what is now the southern 
border of the United States and who, on meeting the Spanish con- 
quistadores in Sinaloa, aroused their interest in the exploration of 
this region. Estevan went ahead into Cibola (Zuni) and was slain, 
the Indians doubting his story that white men were following him, 
because he was black. On hearing of Estevan’s fate Fray Marcos 
retreated to Mexico, but he returned the next year as guide and 
spiritual director of Coronado’s expedition. 
[The itinerary westward from Williams is continued on p. 131.] 
WILLIAMS TO GRAND CANYON. 
From Williams a branch of the Santa Fe Railway runs nearly due 
north 63.8 miles to the Grand Canyon. In the first part of its course 
this line passes over a rolling plateau of black lava (basalt) with 
numerous cinder cones on all sides. One notably large cone of bright- 
red color is 7 miles north of Williams, and there is another one 10 
. 
