Vol. II, No. 7.] A Parasite upon a Parasite. 299 
[N.S] 
39. A Parasite upon a Parasite,—-a Viscum apparently V. articu- 
latum, Burm.,on Loranthus vestitus, Wall., on Quercus incana, 
Roxb.—By J. H. Borxrtt. 
n Herb. 
Shibpur, and Manual of Indian Timbers, 1902, p. 583) : elsewhere 
it lives on Odina Wodier, Roxb., Schleichera trijuga, Willd., Randia 
spp., Hlsagnus spp. and species of Quercus other than (). incana 
(vide Brandis, Forest Flora, 1874, p. 397). 
Close to Ganekihatti near Simla, on a south hill face at 6000 
ft., I found five small plants of a Viscum parasitic on the Loranthus, 
which was parasitic as usual on Quercus incana, The Viscum 
the cushions from which the stems arose w 1 i 
diameter. Older branches had existed and died leaving their 
scars across: perhaps they had died in the unusual co d 
at Bu 
zorg in Java: it is certainly common in the Malay Lage ae 
s 
wide adaptability to grow both near Simla and in the warm 
forests of the Malay islands. 
I have drawn together the list overleaf of plants known to 
be used as hosts by the Viscum. From it records which appeared 
to belong to V. japonicwm, Thunb., and V. ramosissemum, Wall.,— 
its double parasitism has always hitherto 
le 
abundance to the dry conditions. Ey 
But this mistletoe is not the only Loranth parasitic on 
another Loranth. Viscum album in Europe is sometimes parasitic 
on Loranthus ewropeus (vide Engler, Pflanzenfamilien, iil. p * 
1889, p. 194; Hemsley in Journ. Linn. Soc. Bot., xxi., 1896, 
ee Eee 
1 Some effects of this frost are given in a note by Mr. Atha Ram, 
24, 
Indian Forester, xxxii., 1906, p. 
