39 



at a small drop of sugar on the tree trunk, and quite close to 

 the ground. 



Mr. R. Adkin exhibited a pupa case of Sesia scoliifofmis, 

 Bork., in situ, to illustrate the manner in which the pupa 

 pushed its way through the bark when about to emerge. 



Mr. Tugwell said the pupa of a Sesia had the power of 

 travelling up and down the stem in which it had pupated. 

 In the case of ^. sphegiformis , Fb., he had frequently watched 

 the pupa push its way through the bark, in many cases pro- 

 truding over the eighth of an inch ; and upon a change of 

 weather, instead of the imago coming forth, the pupa had 

 withdrawn again into the burrow, and perhaps remained there 

 for two or three days before emerging. Mr. Tugwell added 

 that the burrow was a fairly smooth chamber, the bottom of 

 which was covered by frass and silk, and this prevented any 

 insect from entering from below. Mr. Tutt remarked that 

 Orthotelia sparganella, Thnb., Sta., and Tapinmtol a typhw, Esp., ^^'^^^-h^jaa/ 

 had the same power of going up and down the stem ; he also ^"^"^h^ 

 referred to the hardness of the cocoons of Sesia culiciformis, 

 L., and 6". asiliformis, Rott. Mr. R. Adkin referred to his 

 experience in breeding .S. chrysidiformis, Esp., and said he 

 had always found them pupate in the roots, and he had never 

 seen the sort of tower, which it was stated by some Lepidop- 

 terists this species always threw up at the head of the cocoon. 

 Mr. Tutt remarked that he had never seen anything but those 

 made by the feeding larvae, just before pupation, cleaning out 

 the burrow. Mr, Tugwell said that he had many times 

 reared the last-named species, and had only seen the dome 

 or tower-like arrangement on one or two occasions ; once he 

 had observed a similar thing with kS". sphegiforniis . He 

 thought that no doubt the explanation of these towers or 

 dome-like projections was insufficient food, and in this 

 opinion Mr. R. Adkin and Mr. C. G. Barrett concurred. 



Mr. C. G. Barrett exhibited, on behalf of Mr. Holland, of 

 Reading, a fine series including many melanic forms of Staii- 

 ropus fagi, L., taken in the beech woods in the neighbourhood 

 of Reading, and stated that Mr. Holland informed him that 

 the species had occurred this year, from May to the beginning 

 of July, and were mostly taken setting upon the stems and 

 trunks of the smaller beech trees. 



Mr. C. Fenn referring to the time of flight of Catoptria 

 Juliana, Curt., stated that he had found it flying commonly 

 over apple trees in his garden for three successive evenings, 

 and the time was, as nearly as possible, eight o'clock; and the 

 flight was just before that of Carpocapsa pomonella, L. The 



