95 



Staudinger's " Catalog," where I found that the synonymy ran as 

 follows : — 



Summje 

 Alpes ; 

 Pyrenees. 

 Lap. ; Scand. 

 Mont. 



Zygcefta exulans, Hochenwarth and Reiner, Bot. 

 Reisen, 1792, p. 55, T. vi., i* ; Esp., 41, 1-2 ; Hb., 

 12, loi ; Bdv., Mon. Zyg., 3, 3 ; Ic. 54, 4-5 ; Frr., 

 200, 2 ; 590, I ; Dup. II., 5, 5 a.b. 



a. V. vafiadis, Dalman, Zyg. Suec, 223, 6 f 

 (parcissime squamata, albo non mixta). 



This was particularly interesting : " Thinly scaled and not mixed 

 with white," was the diagnosis of var. vanadis ; therefore I was led 

 to infer that the type must be well scaled and mixed with white. 

 My Swiss specimens were well scaled and not mixed with white, 

 whilst my Scotch specimens were poorly scaled (probably rubbed), 

 but two specimens had traces of pale nervures and pale thoracic 

 patches, which might be considered as being mixed with white. 



This appeared to be very clear, since everything was exactly as 

 it should not have been, according to what I could glean from 

 Staudinger's " Catalog," and I remained in this uncertain condition 

 of mind until about two years ago, when I first carefully examined 

 some fine Scotch specimens, and discovered that they presented a 

 clear and definite sexual dimorphism, the females being more thinly 

 clothed with scales, the thorax mottled with pale yellowish or 

 whitish and pale nervures, extending from the base to beyond the 

 discal cell. From this it appeared that there were two distinct 

 forms — (i) A bright-coloured Swiss form, the females apparently 

 without white nervures ; (2) A darker-coloured (Scotch) form, show- 

 ing fairly defined sexual dimorphism. 



Joining Dr. Chapman at Chambery, towards the end of last July 

 (1894), one of the first insects he showed me was a grand form of 

 Z. exulans, with orange-coloured nervures and orange mottled 

 thorax. Very fine and beautiful this form was, and scarcely recog- 

 nisable as exzdans. The specimens I exhibit. 



About a fortnight later we met with the species above Gimilian, in 

 the Cogne valley. These specimens, which were absolutely identical 

 with Scotch specimens, I also exhibit. 



A few days later the species was met with again ; this time in the 

 Lauzon valley, on the zigzag path which leads to the King of Italy's 

 shooting-box, well up on the way to the Col that leads into the Val 

 Savaranche. These very closely resembled the specimens which Dr. 

 Chapman obtained at Lauteret. These specimens I also exhibit. 



It will be noticed that no ordinary Scotch specimens could be 

 possibly confounded with either the Lauteret or Lauzon specimens. 



The last capture of this species was made up the Grauson Valley, 



* This should be Zygana {Sphinx) extilans, Hochenwarth. Reiner and Hochen- 

 warth's Bot. Reisen, p. 265 ; PI. 6, fig. 2 (1792). 



t This should be Zygcena vatiadis, Dalman, Kongl. Vetensk.-Ak, Handl., 

 1816, p. 223. 



