39 



On sandy barren heaths there is a small grey little fellow, with a 

 broad black band across the wings ; outside the band is clear hyaline, 

 inside pink. This may be Acrotylus msuhricus (Scop.), or A. patrnelis 

 (Sturm). 



On iDarren rocky hills there is a dark fellow with crimson wings, 

 with a black band near the apex of the wing; the apex is either 

 smoky or totally black. This is CEdipoda mifiiata (Pall). 



Nearly everywhere is a similar fellow, with blue instead on the 

 wings. It also differs slightly in structural characters, so that the 

 species may be distinguished without opening the organs of flight. 

 This is CEdipoda c(zrulesce?is (L.). 



In barren patches in wood clearings in Central and Eastern 

 Europe is a heavy grasshopper, dark in colour, with paling off towards 

 a blackish apex ; the base is hyaline, yellow, blue, or red. This is 

 Celes variabilis (Pall). 



An albinistic form of CE. mitiiata with deep sulphur wings occurs 

 in Asia Minor. 



A similar form of CE. ccerukscefis with greenish yellow wings occurs 

 rarely in Spain, but is common in Algeria. 



A large grasshopper with bright yellow wings occurs in Algeria. 

 This is CEdipoda fuscocinda, Luc. 



All these grasshoppers with coloured wings belong to the CEdipo- 

 didas. 



A very remarkable group is the Pamphagidse. These are heavy, 

 desert insects, found only in Southern Europe, Western Asia, and all 

 Africa. They are often hemiapterous or totally wingless, and won- 

 derfully adapted to their surroundings. As each species has a most 

 limited distribution, many are very rare. 



The Truxalidae badly require monographing. A large, but not 

 unwieldy group of middle-sized insects found all over the world. 

 One species, Truxalis nasufa (L.), with a curious pyramidical head, 

 occurs practically throughout the palaearctic region, from France to 

 Japan, and also in all Africa, India, Siam, and apparently in 

 Australia. This group contains the chief musicians of the section. 



The Acridiidae are poorly represented in Europe, but nevertheless 

 are a very extensive group, which also badly requires a monograph. 

 To this group we refer the true migratory locusts of the genera 

 Acridiiem, Schistocerca, and Melanophis, with such well-known forms 

 as Caiopteniis, Podisma, and a host of less familiar tropical insects. 



The most gaudy and bright coloured insects of this section belong 

 to the Pyrgomorphidas, an extensive and widely distributed group, 

 containing the knobby Phymateiis, brilliant in scarlet, green, blue, 

 and yellow, and other similar forms. 



Some of the oddest forms are to be found among the Tettigidse. 

 These insects are all small, with remarkably developed pronotum ; 

 they are different from all other Acridiodea in having no visible pads 

 between the claws of the tarsi. Some of the compressed forms were 

 described by Fabricius as Membracidse, and some resemble dead 



