334 APPENDIX. . 
African sub-region, which, however, possesses seven genera 
peculiar to itself, — two belonging to the Satyridae, one to 
the Acraeidae, three to the Lycaenidae, and one to the 
Hesperiidae. The beautiful species of Zeritis are also 
peculiar to this sub-region ; one additional species only 
inhabiting West Africa. 
Of the Danaidae (including the greater part of the 
Heliconian butterflies), species occur in each of the four 
Ethiopian sub-regions. Of the Satyridae, which also occur 
in all the four sub-regions, Gnophodes, Leptoneura, and a 
few other small genera are exclusively African. Of the 
Elymniidse, which are peculiar to the Malayan and Moluc- 
can districts, one species also occurs in Ashanti. The 
Morphidae, Brassolidae, and typical Heliconiidse do not occur 
in Africa ; the Acraeidae, on the contrary, have their metro- 
polis in this continent, which produces more than two- 
thirds of all the known species. Of the Nymphalidas, which 
is the largest and most universally distributed family of 
butterflies, species occur in all the sub-regions of Africa. 
There are fourteen genera of these butterflies exclusively 
African, including Lachnoptera, Amphidema, Catuna, 
Euryphene, Romaleosoma, Aterica, and Harma. Libythea 
(constituting the family Libytheidae) is widely distributed, 
and occurs in Western Africa and Madagascar, but not in 
Central, Eastern, and Southern Africa. Such is also the 
case with the family Nemeobiidae. No representative of 
the family Erycinidae (proper) occurs in the old world or 
Australia. The Lycaenidae, on the other hand, are found 
in all the sub-regions of the globe, the genera Pentila, 
Liptena, D'Urbania, Axiocerces, Capys, Phytala, Epitola, 
Hewitsonia, and Deloneura, being peculiar to Africa. Of 
the family Pieridae, Teracolus and Pseudopontia are the 
only genera exclusively African ; but the species of other 
genera are very numerous, especially in the group of 
white butterflies with orange tips to their fore wings. 
The family Papilionidae are very widely distributed over 
all the warmer regions of the globe ; and although no 
peculiar genus belonging to the family is found in Africa, 
there are several very interesting groups of species, such 
