\ 9 



milk 



By Wilfred Shaw 

 The Government "set asides" of all dairy 

 products manufactured in September called 

 for 20% of butter, 50% of cheese, 60% 

 of spray powdered dry milk. The previously 

 announced set aside of 35% for roller proc- 

 ess dry milk was cancelled because of ade- 

 quate /government stocks on hand of this 

 product. 



According to the U. S. Bureau of Agricul- 

 tural Economics, milk production for Au- 

 gust was approximately 2% below that of 

 August 1943 and 4% below that of Au- 

 gust 1942. There were more cows on farms 

 in August 1944 than in any previous year 

 but unfavorable conditions as a result of the 

 drought lowered milk production. 



United States cold storage holdings of but- 

 ter and cheese on September 1 were 

 138,378,000 lbs. of butter compared with 

 231,543,000 lbs. on September 1, 1943; 

 186,392,000 lbs. of American cheese com- 

 pared with 172,937,000 on September 1, 

 1943 and the five years average of 159,856,- 

 000 lbs. 



Friends of Wm. McClugage, plant su- 

 perintendent of the Peoria Producers Dairy, 

 were shocked and saddened by the sud- 

 den death of Mrs. McClugage in early 

 September. Mrs. McClugage died as the re- 

 sult of a stroke at the age of 28 years. Two 

 small children survive their mother. 



In 43 Illinois counties located in central 

 and southern Illinois the War Food Ad- 

 ministration's dairy feed subsidy payments 

 for September were to be 70c per cwt. upon 

 milk sold and lie per lb. upon butterfat 

 in cream. 



In all the other Illinois counties for Sep- 

 tember the dairy feed subsidy payments 

 were 60c per cwt. upon milk and 10c per 

 lb. butterfat in cream. The payments in the 

 43 counties in central and southern Illi- 

 nois were increased because they were in- 

 cluded by WFA in the drought area of the 

 Midwest. 



All milk handlers in the cities operating 



under War Food Administration Order 79 

 were authorized to sell in September the 

 following quotas of their June 1943 sales: 

 fluid milk 105%; cream 75%; and 100% 

 of their byproduct sales. 



The fluid milk quota for September was 

 raised 5% above the quota for August. 

 The other quotas remain the same for Sep- 

 tember as they were in August. 



The markets in Illinois operating under 

 WFA 79 orders include Chicago, Peoria, 

 Rockford, Springfield, Decatur and St. Louis, 

 Mo. 



The following are the gross blended prices 



paid to producers for milk in the following 

 named cities throughout the United States 

 and are quoted on a 35% butterfat basis 

 delivered f.o.b. dealers' platforms (with 

 exceptions noted) as reported by the respec- 



tive milk cooperatives. These prices are for 



July unless otherwise noted: 



Baltimore $3.85 



Boston (191-200 mile lone) _... 3.55 



Chicago ..._ „...(August) 3.11 



Cleveland 3.36 



Denver „ 2.84 



Detroit 3.38 



Louisville (August) 3.32 



Indianapolis 2.89 



Kansas City 3.23 



Memphis 3.52 



New York (201-210 mile zone) 3.78 



Pittsburgh 334 



Seattle ..._ (August) 3.10 



St Louis (August) 3.59 



St. Paul, Minn (August) 5.03 



Washington, D. C (August) 4.00 



The following are the blended prices re- 

 cieved by producers supplying the respective 

 Illinois markets. All are August prices for 



3.5% milk, f.o.b. dealers' platforms (except 



Chicago) and are for milk meeting the re- 

 spective milk ordinances: 



Bloomington $2.45 



Canton 2.75 



Champaign 2.75 



Chicago (70 mile zone) 3.11 



Danville _ 2.45 



Decatur 2.75 



DeKalb 2.74 



Freeport _ 2.74 



Galesburg 2.65 



Harrisburg 2.65 



Jacksonville 2.85 



Kewanee 2.55 



LaSalle 2.69 



Moline 2.95 



Peoria 2.89 



Pontiac 2.406 



(Juincy 2.36 



Rockford 3.11 



Springfield 2.85 



St. Louis ; 3.59 



Streator 2.40 



cream 



By Frank Gougler 



For some time the dairy industry has had 



a committee studying post-war dairy prob- 

 lems. A preliminary report has been made 

 by O. F. Garrett, chairman. The committee 

 started its work by asking six major ques- 

 tions and attempted to answer them. They 

 are: 



1. "What changes have occurred and what 

 trends have been started in the dairy indus- 

 try because of the war? " 



2. "Which of the numerous war-stimulated 

 developments in science and industry, are 

 likely to affect the dairy industry or find ap- 

 plication in it.' " 



3. "How long will it take the war-torn 

 countries to rebuild their agriculture, partic- 

 ularly, dairying?" 



4. "Are the peace terms likely to involve 

 commitments as to free trade, particularly 

 in food products, and are there likely to be 

 sizable imports of butter and cheese?" 



5. "If we assume Mandate over numerous 

 Pacific islands, to what degree is this likely 

 to result in imports of vegetable fats?" 



6. "What is the economic oulook for the 

 country in the postwar period ? " 



The answers to some of these questions 

 will have to wait the peace term period. We 

 do, however, have the experience of post- 

 World-War I as a guide, and we have trends 

 as a result of World-War H. 



Both wars demanded of the farmer tre- 

 mendous increased production of dairy prod- 

 ucts. The number of dairy cows in the 

 United States now, as compared to the pre- 

 war period of 1925-29, is a good example. 

 The prewar average was 22.952.000 heads. 

 The number has now increased to 25,666,000. 

 Total milk production averaged for the five 

 year pre-war period 100 billion pounds an- 

 nually. Production for 1942, was 119 billion 

 pounds, and 118 billion pounds for 1943. 

 It is estimated that we will have 15% more 

 cows on our farms during the postwar 

 period, than; immediately preceding the war. 



Trends in the uses of milk require watch- 

 ing. Tom Stitts points out that before 1934 

 more milk was marketed in the form of 

 cream than in the form of whole milk. Dur- 

 ing 1934, separated cream represented 44% 

 of total milk, and whole milk marketed as 

 such, was 44%. The balance was utilized 

 on farms. Since 1934, there has been a steady 

 increase in the amount of whole milk sold. 

 By 1943, whole milk sales increased to 60% 

 of total, while separated milk, dropped to 

 32%. War measures stimulated this trend, 

 but did not initiate it. 



War demands for cheese and evaporated 

 milk resulted in further diversion to milk 

 marketing, and finally, the excessive drtnand 

 for milk-solid-not-fat, for lend-lease uses, re- 

 sulted in further diversion to whole milk 

 sales. 



These special war demands for certain 

 dairy products, have made heavy drains on 

 other da#rv products and their uses. Butter 

 consumption in the United States is now the 

 lowest in 70 years. This has resulted in in- 

 creased demands for substitutes. Likewise, 

 war demands for milk-solids-not-fats has 

 compelled users of this product, to look 

 elsewhere for substitutes. Bakers, for ex- 

 ample, have found that soybean meal makes 

 a satisfactory substitute. 



Turning to substitutes raises the question 

 as to whether these former uses of dairv 

 products can be recaptured, when dairy prod- 

 ucts are again available. The outcome of 

 these changes due to the war. will have a far 

 reaching enect on the future of the dairy in- 

 dustry. 



Monday, Sept. 18, the board of direaors 



of the Producers' Creamery of Mt. Carroll 

 met to review bids that had been received 

 for a new building. The bid approved, was 

 submitted by James R. Hayes, of Dixon 

 Home Builders. Inc. of Dixon. The new 

 structure is to be a one-storv building, about 

 45 X ■'5 feet, with a boiler room built at the 

 back. The cost of the building, complete 

 with equipment, will approximate $65,000. 



TTiursday, Sept. 28, farm leaders, board 



members of the Producers' Creamery of Car- 

 linville and others of the Carlinville district, 

 met to consider an expansion program for 

 this district. Increased volume of milk and 

 cream received in the present building is tax- 

 ing present facilities beyond capacity. A sec- 

 ond boiler is needed as well as other 

 equipment. The question is where to put 

 them. 



Keep a clean, healthy dairy herd and 

 stop these enemies of health — mastitis, 

 abortion and tuiaerculosis. 



OCTOBER, 1944 



