Photo by George C. .Martin 

 VOLCAXIC CLOL'D I'OURIXG OVV.K MOUNTAIN WEST OF AMALIK DAY, I.30 P. M ., 



AUGUST 10, igi2 



The white drifts which cover tlie mountain slopes are not snow, hut ash and pumice from the 



volcano 



Alount Katniai is by far the most active 

 of the group, and is probably the only 

 one which contributed in any large way 

 to the great volume of solid matter 

 ejected in June. 



TriK SCKNE OF TIIF ERUPTION 



Blount Katmai is a peak 7,500 feet 

 high, situated relatively near the eastern 

 end of the .Maska Peninsula and of the 

 Aleutian Mountains. 



The Alaska Peninsula is like a great 

 horn, convex on the southern side, 500 

 miles in length, averaging 50 miles in 

 width, and ])rojecting southwestward 

 from the .\laska mainland. It has a 

 ])artly submerged extension in the Aleu- 

 tian Islands which stretches 1,100 miles 

 westward toward Asia, and wnth these 

 separates Bering Sea from the Pacific. 



The .\leutian range, like the less con- 

 tinuous line of peaks on the islands 

 trailing from it, is dominantly volcanic 

 throughout, there being certainly nine, 

 and probably at least twelve active or 

 latent volcanoes in the .-Maska continental 

 end of the belt. The .Aleutian Islands 

 probably contain a still larger numl^er 

 of volcanoes. Only two of the .Maska 

 volcanoes. Wrangell and Edgecombe. 



are not situated in these groups (see page 



The mountains in this belt which have 

 shown indications of volcanic activity in 

 historic times include Redoubt. Iliamna, 

 and St. Augustine, on Cook Inlet. Re- 

 doubt was active in January, 1902. while 

 St. .\ugustine had an exceptionally vio- 

 lent eruption in October. 1883. 



The easternmost volcano known on 

 the .Alaska Peninsula is Mount Kugak. 

 which was probably active in 1889. 

 Mount Katmai comes next to the west- 

 ward, and has a near neighbor. Mount 

 ^lagcik. which seems to have shared, in 

 a more moderate way. its recent activity. 

 There are probably other unnamed vol- 

 canoes in the near vicinity. 



Veniaminof, near Chignik, was in 

 eruption on .August 28th, 1892, this out- 

 break a])parently being, next to those of 

 Katmai and of St. .Augustine, the most 

 ^•iolcnt known in .Alaska. Farther west 

 and near the extremity of the .Alaska Pen- 

 insula is Mount l^aviof, which has been 

 continuously steaming for many years. 



The volcanoes of the .Aleutian Islands 

 include a well-known group at the east- 

 ern end in which are Isanotski. Shishal- 

 din. Pogromni, .Akutan, and Rogoslof, 



135 



