irhoto by 1- rcdc-rick .Moore 

 SKRVIAX PEASANTS, CALLED TO ARMS, SIGXINX THE MUSTER-ROLL 



less seriously than it had the Asiatics 

 whom it reached. 



When Europeans became Mohammed- 

 ans tiiey became to all intents Turks and 

 called themselves such ; they were no 

 longer Greek. Servian, or Bulgarian, as 

 the case might be. In spirit if not in 

 blood they were wholly gone over to the 

 other race. Such is the power of the 

 Moslem faith ! 



l)Ut the conversions were not on the 

 whole large. The great majority of the 

 Christians remained steadfast, and per- 

 secutions, as they generally do, made the 

 peoi)le more than ever obdurate. And 

 so we find the iSulgarians, Greeks, Serv- 

 ians, and .Albanians of European Turkey 

 today hard-headed iJeople in spite of their 

 centuries of oppression, not only retain- 

 ing their own faiths, but wearing such 

 clothes as they wore in the mediaeval days 

 when they were conquered, and s])eaking 

 not Turkish, but Servian. Greek, lUilgar, 

 Albanian, and. among the Jews who took 

 refuge from the persecutions in Spain, 

 the Spanish language. 



SEVEN RACES IN ONE LITTLE CITY 



All these people, clinging fast to their 

 own ideals and marrying only in their 

 own faith, remain today in remarkable 

 distinction one from another, seven races 

 sometimes making up the population of 

 one small city, and remaining distinct in 

 facial appearance, distinct in dress, dis- 

 tinct in language, and reverencing at 

 least three distinct beliefs, with the Chris- 

 tian religion divided within itself. 



The retreat of the Turks from the 

 Balkan Peninsula has been com])aratively 

 rapid. (iradually, sometimes unaiderl, 

 sometimes with the assistance or entirely 

 by the efforts of one or more of the great 

 Powers, the conquered Christian peoples 

 have regained their independence. The 

 modern States of Rumania. Greece. 

 Servia, and Bulgaria were carved in the 

 |)ast century out of the conciuests of the 

 Turk, and .Montenegro, always independ- 

 ent, was given definite boundaries and 

 recognition. 



Slowly the question of Turkey in Eu- 



