I'll 111 i'. I- rcderick Moore 

 I'AKT OF TllK TURKISH GARRISON OF MOXASTIR MOVING OUT OF TllF CITY (iX A 



FORMER campaign) 



made prisoners by the armies of the sev- 

 eral AlHes, some had been locked up in 

 garrisons like those of Adrianople. Jan- 

 nina, and Scutari, which must in time 

 cajMtulate. and others had been cut ofif 

 from retreat and com]:)elled to take to the 

 fastnesses of the mountains. 



CHATALDJA an IDKAL place FOR DEFF.NSE 



Yet with these 70,000 men the Turks 

 were a])le to hold their position at Cha- 

 taldja. There they began to fight. In 

 this cramped position the Hulgarians 

 were no longer able with swift move- 

 ments to outflank them. The sea on 

 either side and the heavy guns of Turk- 

 ish cruisers confining the attack to a 

 limited central plain, permitted the Turk- 

 ish soldier to occupy his trenches and 



redoubts and fire steadily from them at 

 the oncoming Bulgarian infantry. 



It is a (|uestion whether the lUilgari- 

 ans. now that the London conference has 

 failed and fighting has been renewed, can 

 succeed in taking the Chataldja lines. 

 Their capture seems possible only by a 

 slow tedious mining and trenching pro- 

 cess; in other words, only by laborious 

 and sacrificing eflfort such as the Japanese 

 devoted to the taking of Port .\rthur. 



The questions have often been put to 

 me why the Turks did so badly in this 

 war and whether they are no longer the 

 capal)le warriors they were in former 

 days. 



My opinion is that the reinUation of 

 the Turks as a whole rests ujxm the 

 heroic work of a few ardent leaders. 



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