Photo by Frederick Moore 



STREET SWEEPERS IN SAEONIKI 



The White Tower in the background is where the ancient pre- Turkish wall, probably built by 



the Crusaders, met the sea 



They succeeded, as is well known, in 

 overthrowing the Sultan Abdul Hamid, 

 whose tyrannical regime bore only less 

 heavily upon Turks than upon Chris- 

 tians. 



Having come into power (in 1908) 

 they were faced with the problem of the 

 faith : Should they denounce Moham- 

 medanism or support it? 



They tried a middle course, attempting 

 to give to Christians and Jews equal 

 rights with their own people. This im- 

 possible combination naturally failed. 



There is now left to them the alterna- 

 tive of supporting or denouncing Mo- 

 hammedanism. By continuing that faith 

 as the soul of the empire they maintain a 

 stifling idea, a state of mind that cannot 

 progress sufficiently to keep pace with 

 the advancement of the countries which, 

 being "infidel," all true followers of the 

 Prophet must scorn and oppose. 



On the other hand, should the Young 



Turks attempt and succeed in destroying 

 the Mohammedan faith — a thing they 

 will not do — the result would be the 

 break-up of the Empire, for Arabs, Syr- 

 ians, Anatolians, Kurds, and others are 

 bound to the Turks only by the "faith," 

 and because the Sultan at Constantinople 

 is their Caliph, their religious chief. 



It is regrettable that though the Bal- 

 kan question is solved and the people of 

 European Turkey liberated, there still re- 

 main many Christians, notably the Ar- 

 menians, in Asia Minor, for whom inde- 

 pendence or even a measure of relief 

 seems impossible. That these Christians 

 of Asia Minor will suffer further, as a 

 result of the present war, there seems 

 little doubt. 



THE AMBITIONS OE BULGARIANS 



The Bulgarians have now by conquest 

 come down to ^gean Sea. They speak 

 already of the navy they intend to build. 



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