Photo by Hiram Bingham 



THE ALT.\R OF THE CHIEF TEMPLE OF MACHU PICCHU 



The interior of the Chief Temple on the Sacred Plaza, showing the cracking caused by 

 the settling of the east wall. Notice the care with which the size of the stones is made to 

 decrease gradually in each ascending tier. The main altar stone is 14 feet in length and a 

 little over 5 feet in height. 



Gregory consisted, in the first place, of a 

 study of the gravel deposits near Cuzco 

 and the relation in age and position of 

 these gravels to the remains of men and 

 other animals discovered in them, both on 

 the present and on the former expedition. 

 In a preliminary stmimary of his investi- 

 gations Professor Gregory says: "The 

 gravels were found to be portions of an 

 extensive alluvial fan of Glacial age, but 

 the human relics embedde 1 in them are 

 probably of much later date." These de- 

 posits will be described fully in a paper 

 on the Cuzco gravels to be published in 

 the near future. 



In regard to the other parts of his 

 work, Professor Gregory reports as fol- 

 lows : 



It consisted of "an examination of the 

 structure, stratigraphy, and physiography 

 of the Cuzco Valley with a view to se- 

 curing the data for a geologic map of the 

 area tributary to the Huatanay River. 

 The region was found to consist chiefly 

 of sedimentary rocks of pre-Tertiary, 

 Tertiary, and Pleistocene age. Basic 

 igneous intrusions are present and five 

 intrusive masses of andesite ( ?) are rep- 



resented by outcrops. During Glacial 

 times a lake occupied the upper part of 

 the valley. Fossils from Mesozoic and 

 recent strata are sufficient to determine 

 the relations of at least part of the for- 

 mations. The results of the geologic sur- 

 vey, including stratigraphic and petro- 

 graphic maps, are to be embodied in a 

 report dealing with the area as a whole." 



Professor Gregory also made a survey 

 of Ayusbamba, on the Apurimac River, 

 the locality from which fossil vertebrates 

 were collected by Dr. Eaton. The strata 

 at Ayusbamba are clays and sands de- 

 posited in an ancient lake perched high 

 above the valley floors at an altitude of 

 over 1 1 ,000 feet. 



The Island of the Sun. in Lake Ti- 

 ticaca, Bolivia, was studied by both Pro- 

 fessor Gregory and Assistant Topogra- 

 pher Heald, with reference to its coal 

 deposits. A collection of carboniferous 

 fossils was secured. 



THE TROUBLES OF A CARTOCR.VPHER 



Owing to a most unfortunate mi.sunder- 

 standing, occasioned by the difficulty of 

 getting messages transmitted in an un- 



501 



