Photo by Hiram Bingiiam 



A GRAVEL BANK CONTAINING BONES AND POTS- 

 HERDS : cuzco (pages 500-501) 



There are many places near Cuzco where in the 

 stratified gravel banks bones and pieces of pottery 

 may be found interstratified with the pebbles. Dr. 

 Eaton and Lieutenant Sotomayor, on one of our first 

 walks out of Cuzco, located a number of these. 



Magazine for October, 191 2, and in 

 more extended form in the Pro- 

 ceedings of the American Anti- 

 quarian Society for April, 1912. 



Returning to this location in Au- 

 gust, 191 2, I drained the marshes 

 that partly surround the rock at 

 Nusta Espana and excavated as far 

 as was practicable. To our sur- 

 prise and mortification we were un- 

 able to find any artifacts whatever 

 and only a handful of rough pots- 

 herds. We did uncover an inter- 

 esting priestly throne containing 

 nine seats. The work of excavat- 

 ing and the results may be seen ouj 

 pages 553 and 554. 



INCA 



PEACE 



V 



NAMES IN THE VILCA- 

 .MBA REGION 



this region.) Furthermore, the rock at 

 Nusta Espana bears in its carvings marks 

 which indicate that at one time in the 

 remote past it was unquestionably an 

 •object of veneration. 



This evidence made me believe that at 

 K^usta Espana was the principal shrine of 

 the ancient people in this entire region, 

 -and that the neighboring ruins of Rosas- 

 pata were in reality the ruins of Vitcos, 

 the last Inca capital. An account of the 

 discovery of these places and a statement 

 of the proof on which we have based our 

 •conclusions may be found in Harper's 



A problem which particularly oc- 

 cupied my attention was the identi- 

 fication of ancient Inca place names 

 referring to the Vilcabamba coun- 

 try and occurring in the Spanish 

 chronicles, but not appearing on any 

 known maps. 



Before leaving New Haven I had 

 an index prepared of all the places 

 that are referred to in the available 

 chronicles. A copy of this list was 

 taken with me in the field wherever 

 I went, and owing to the courtesy 

 of the managers of various planta- 

 tions and of local government offi- 

 cials, the most intelligent and re- 

 liable Indians were carefully ques- 

 tioned in regard to these places. 



By this means it is believed that 

 a considerable body of geographical 

 nomenclature has been assembled, 

 and it is hoped that in the future it may 

 be possible to write a report that will 

 elucidate and interpret some of the more 

 difficult passages in the chronicles. 



VI 



EXPLORATION OE THE AOBAMBA VAELEY 



As part of our plan to cover the area 

 included between the Urubamba and 

 Apurimac rivers, an archeological and 

 topographical reconnaissance was made 

 of the hitherto unexplored Aobamba 

 Valley. Assistant Topographer Heald 



520 



