endure, was the ever-present 

 swarms of green jungle-flies. Mr. 

 Heald says in his report : 



"They are little fellows, but the 

 way they bite is not the least in 

 proportion to their size. Every 

 place they bite they leave a blood- 

 spot the size of a pin-head, and this 

 burns and itches for two or three 

 days. There were swarms of them, 

 and soon we were all swelling. The 

 only thing we could do was to grin 

 and bear it. When we stopped to 

 rest we made a smudge, but while 

 traveling the best we could do was 

 to slaughter as many as we could. 



". . . W^ith the coming of dark 

 the flies had left us, but they left 

 us in very bad shape. Xot a man 

 of us could bend his wrists, they 

 were so swollen ; the knuckles on 

 the hands were invisible, and our 

 eyes were mere slits that it cost an 

 effort to open enough to look out 

 of. Still, there was a lot to be 

 thankful for. There was lots of 

 dry wood where we stopped, and 

 we soon had a fire going, which 

 warmed and dried us. The night 

 was clear, so there was no danger 

 of being gotten out of bed by rain. 

 I had i-hot a jungle duck, and the 

 inner man was perfectly satisfied. 

 What bothered me most was that I 

 was afraid the peons would try to 

 run away, and I very much doubted 

 my ability to carry enough food to 

 enable us to find Choqquequirau 

 without their help. . . ." 



Photo by Hiram Bingham 



ANOTHER VIEW OF THE MONOLITH NEAR VITCOS 



The east end of the monolith at JS'usta Espana 

 overhangs a spring. Near this was what appeared 

 at first to be a stone platform. The pictures on page 

 554 show wiiat our excavations revealed at this point. 



THE SCARCITY OF WATER AND SUFFERING 

 FROM THIRST. 



Their most serious diffictilty, however, 

 was the lack of water and the height and 

 steepness of the mountains, which cut 

 them off from any possible water supply. 

 Here is a sample of what they suffered : 



"The next morning, when I went to fill 

 my canteen with water, I found that there 

 was none. The men said that they had 

 drunk it, but I felt pretty sure that they 

 had poured it out, believing that then we 

 would have to turn back. I would have 

 done so (though no farther than the 

 spring we had imcovered the day before), 

 but the Director had told me there was 



a spring easily found at Choqquequirau, 

 and I was confident that we must be near 

 the place. 



"In front of us rose a sharp ridge. I 

 was sure that if we gained its top we 

 would see the city on the other side. 

 The fire had cleared the ground, so going 

 was not hard ; it had also cleared out 

 the flies. After about two hours of 

 climbing we stood on top of the lowest 

 saddle of the ridge. This had been 

 reached after some rather ticklish clift'- 

 climbing. On looking over the other side 

 we were tremendously disapjiointed, for 

 instead of a city there was an impassable 

 ravine. All the morning we worked along 



553 



