Photo by Ethan C. Le Munypn 



TYPICAI, MONGOIvIAN HORSliME^N 

 They are not lamas, but ordinary civilian Mongols, who own herds, tents, etc. 



we saw hundreds of antelope, in groups 

 of from 5 to 50; all became frightened, 

 and in one case they ran ahead of the 

 car, crossing the trail about 100 yards in 

 front of us. 



About sundown the road became very 

 rough and hilly, and several soft places 

 were passed over where the water came 

 out of the ground as seepage. These 

 places were on side hills, and all indica- 

 tions pointed to the fact that it would 

 be a good place to develop water by ar- 

 tesian or other methods. This will be 

 done, perhaps, when the country is set- 

 tled by an agricultural people like the 

 Chinese or the Russians. This is bound 

 to come soon, for famines in China are 

 driving the common people to new and 



more productive regions, and every year 

 sees more and more of them in Mon- 

 golia, as well as Siberia and Manchuria. 



As we saw that it would be impossible 

 to reach Urga that night, we stopped the 

 car near the trail and, wrapped in our 

 fur coats and blankets, passed another 

 night in the car. 



We were now in the hills, which were 

 at this time covered with dry grass. 

 Dipping down into the valleys, we en- 

 countered water and very soft and 

 marshy ground, and in going across one 

 bad marshy place the car broke through 

 the frozen ground and we stuck in the 

 slippery mud. It was here necessary to 

 wind long lengths of rope around the 

 tires to obtain traction, and we had to 



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