BOTTOM FAUNA OF THE EASTERN TROPICAL PACIFIC. 7 



dant on tlie bottom, as well as in the mud of the manganese nodules, though 

 among the nodules it was not uncommon to find an occasional Biloculina. 

 Many of the dead radiolarians found on tlie bottom were obtained from 

 the guts of Salpae swimming near the surface or within the 300-fathom 

 line in the tow-nets sent to that deptli. The same is the case with many 

 of the Dinoflagellata which have been considered as deep-sea types. 



North of Callao our trawls brought up from the bottom many interest- 

 ing fishes, among which I may mention Bathypterois, Ipnops, Sternoptyx, 

 Nemichtliys, Alepocephalus, Macrurans, Brotulids, Cyclothone, Melamphaes, 

 and a few bat fishes, all, thus far, described by Mr. Garman from the 1891 

 expedition. I may mention also a Chimoera, different from the Chili species. 



Among the Crustacea were Lithodes, Munidopsis, a number of Macru- 

 rans, many Schizopods, large Pycnogonids, and several species of Scalpellum, 

 all well-known species of the 1891 expedition; we found a few Molluscs, 

 and a few interesting genera of Tubicolous Annelids, among them Hyali- 

 caena. Compared to the 1891 expedition, few starfishes and brittle stars 

 were obtained, and still fewer sea urchins, only one species of Aceste and 

 one of Aerope, a new species of Asthenosoma and Homolampas, in marked 

 contrast to the numerous Echini collected in the Panamic Basin in 1891. 

 We obtained, however, a magnificent collection of Holothurians, nearly 

 every species occurring in the Panamic Basin being found in numbers in our 

 track south of the Galapagos, in the wake of the great Chili-Peruvian cur- 

 rent, and at considerable depths. On one occasion, at Station 4647, in 2005 

 fathoms, we obtained no less than sixteen species of Holothurians, among 

 them brilliantly colored Benthodytes, Psychropotes, Scotoplane.s, Euphro- 

 nides, and the like. At Station 4670, in 3209 fathoms, we obtained six 

 species of Holothurians. At Station 4672, in 2845 fathoms, we obtained 

 also very many specimens of three species of Ankyroderma, a large Deima, 

 two species of Scotoplanes, two of Psychropotes, with a number of young 

 stages of that genus, repeating thus the experience of the " Challenger," 

 which found Holothurians at great depth in abundance, not only in the 

 number of specimens but also of species, though the "Challenger" did not 

 in any locality obtain as many as we did at Station 4647. Mr. Westergren 

 made a number of 'sketches of the species which were not obtained in the 

 1891 expedition. We also collected in the trawl a number of deep-sea 

 Actinians, Stephanactis, Actinauge, none different, however, from genera 

 previously found in the Panamic district. We obtained only a few Penna- 



