WOTJE. 317 



it is flanked by a high black shingle beach fully fourteen feet above high- 

 water mark. Sand spits extend from the extremities of this island on the 

 wide reef flat, covered by huge coral boulders, the tops of which have died, 

 and have been more or less cemented, as in other coral boulder reef flats 

 we have described. 



Sand spits and sand bars extend northward on the inner part of the 

 lagoon, and a number of islands, islets, and sand bars are indicated by lines 

 of breakers parallel with the outer line of islands. Schischmarev Pass is 

 near the western extremity of the deep curved bay of the south face of the 

 atoll (PI. 228, fig. 1). About four miles to the east of Schischmarev Pass 

 opens Lagediak Pass, another strait leading into Wotje. These two passes 

 are, only on a larger scale, as we have observed in other atolls of the Marshall 

 Islands, blocked on the lagoon side by one or two rows of islands parallel 

 in a general way to the outer islands flanking the opening of the passes 

 (PI. 180, fig. 2). The islands and islets on the reef flat of the southern face 

 of Wotje are generally connected by sand bars; some of them are wooded, 

 covered with hardwood trees, Pandanus, and a few cocoanut trees. At 

 Schischmarev Pass tlie outer islands have been thrown up on the edge of 

 the wide beach rock conglomerate flat. They are separated by deep gullies 

 forming passes more or less clear, lanes of dark blue water separating the 

 outer and inner rows of islands which block the pass to the north. On 

 the south side of Schischmarev Pass the islands of the land rim are 

 partly connected by low sand bars, sometimes entirely closing the gaps 

 between them (PI. 228, fig. 1), though tliere are a number of indistinct 

 gaps separating the islets of the land rim. On the eastern part of the 

 south side of the lagoon, the islands thrown up on the reef flat are 

 flanked on the sea face with sand spits ; these reach out towai'ds the 

 outer edge, making huge loops or shallow bays opening out to the sea. 



On Wotje Island but little beach rock conglomerate is exposed on 

 the lagoon side, the coral sand beaches are high, and a few boulders are 

 scattered on the flat between it and the next islet. The islands to the 

 north of Wotje are similar in structure ; they show but little beach rock 

 conglomerate outcrop ; the lagoon face is flanked by fine coral sand beaches 

 (PI. 179). The gap between Wotje and the island to the north of it (Pis. 



