GARMAN : NEW PLAGIOSTOMIA. 207 



no median tooth below. Labial folds extending half the length, or a little more, 

 of each jaw. Internarial distance two thirds of the distance from the end of the 

 snout. Hinder angles of dorsals and ventrals much produced ; pectorals subtrun- 

 cate, with rounded angles, reacliing half-way to a vertical from the first dorsal 

 spine ; base of second dorsal four fifths of that of the first dorsal, more than the 

 total length of the ventral, fin reaching the caudal; end of ventral extending below 

 more than half the base of the second dorsal. Spiracle large, distant one diame- 

 ter from the orbit, above and slightly backward. Width of first gill cleft half tlie 

 orbital length, hindmost clefts little wider and little nearer one another. Scales 

 much larger than those of A. rostratum, pedunculate on a radiating base, with three 

 slender cusps, harsh to the touch. Total length, 36^ inches. 



Dark brown, somewhat lighter below, black in the mouth, nostrils, orbits, gill 

 clefts, spiracles, and on the edges of the fins. 



No. 1130, Mus Comp. Zool. 

 Hab. Sagami Bay, Japan. 



Acanthidium aciculatum, sp. nov. 



Elongate, slender, moderately compressed, caudal fin about one fifth of the total 

 length. Teeth ff , intermediate between those of the preceding and those of Scym- 

 nodon ringens B. & C, both upper and lower with more or less erect sharp pointed 

 cusps, those on the upper jaw triangular and those on the lower bearing the cusp 

 on the outer portion of the cutting edge. A few of those on the lower symphysis 

 are nearly erect, the others become more and more oblique toward the angles. In- 

 ternarial distance nearly one fourth as long as the snout. Spiracles large, near 

 the eye, valves with ridges resembling the laminae of the gills. Dorsal spines 

 large, strongly curved, that of the second dorsal much exposed; inner angle of 

 pectoral rounded, not produced ; length of the base of the second dorsal five sixths 

 of that of the first, and the length of the base of the latter is three fifths of the dis- 

 tance between the bases of the two fins, or three eighths of the distance between 

 the two spines. Scales very small, similar to those of A. calceus, but apparently 

 having cusps more slender, sharper, and more erect ; median cusp directed back- 

 ward, lateral cusps extended out more toward the sides. Caudal fin deep, lower 

 lobe not greatly developed. Total length, 34^ inches. Uniform dark brown. 



No. 1128, Mus. Comp. Zool. 

 Hab. Sagami Bay, Japan. 



Centroscymnus Owstonii, sp. nov. 

 This species bears some likeness in form to C. coelolepis; it is distin- 

 guished by a snout that is longer, broader, and less pointed at the end, 

 by nostrils that are farther apart, by a nari-ower mouth, by teeth on the 

 lower jaw that are less nearly parallel with the edges of the mouth, by 

 scales that are smaller and more keeled, and by fins of which the ex- 

 tremities of the dorsals are less pointed and the hinder ends of the 

 bases of the ventrals are farther forward as compared with those of the 

 second dorsal. 



