brannee: the stone keefs of brazil. 209 



given (p. 344) as that for Porto Seguro (p. 229). These rocks, he says, 

 are quarried for building purposes. 



The Pernamhuco reef is described (p. 434) as the same as those of 

 Porto Seguro, Sta. Cruz, and Bahia, and a small map shows its general 

 location. He presumes that Barlaeus's map of Kio Parahyba shows a 

 stone reef; the reef at Rio Grande do Norte is put down as stone (p. 455) 

 with a small map from Almeida. 



Hartt, Ch. Fred. Ptelatorio preliminar de trabalhos da Commissao 

 Geologica na Provincia de Pernamhuco. Rio de Janeiro, 1875. 

 Professor Hartt states (p. 4-5), in speaking of the stone reefs, that 

 his studies of them prove that the earlier theory advanced by him is 

 correct, and the idea that the Pernamhuco reef extends north and south 

 for long distances is entirely wrong. These reefs he considers local. 

 That south of Cape Sto. Agostinho is remarkably regular. Such reefs 

 are found in various stages of development; in some places there are 

 two or three of different ages, separate, but parallel. The later consoli- 

 dated beaches are thin and rest in loose beach sand. 



Hartt, Ch. Fred. Algumas consideragoes sobre o recife de Pernamhuco. 



Pelo Professor Carlos Frcderico Hartt, Chefe, etc. Revista do 



Instituto Polytechnico. Tomo V. parte 2, p. 21-26. Rio de 



Janeiro, 1875. 



This article is dated March, 1876. It contains the same facts as those 



given in the Relatorio Preliminar cited in the preceding article. 



Hawkshaw, Sir John. Melhoramento dos portos do Brazil. Publica9ao 

 official. Rio de Janeiro, 1875. 



This report, in Portuguese and English, contains descriptions of all the 

 more important Brazilian ports, among them those of Pernambuco and 

 Rio Grande do Norte. At Pernambuco borings were made upon the 

 reef, the first and only ones ever made. These borings are of great import- 

 ance in understanding the geology of the reefs; they show (p. 15) the 

 hard sand rock to be three or four metres thick ; below this are layers of 

 sand, clay, shells, etc. 



A rock reef is mentionetl at Ceara (p. 91). Among the charts accom- 

 panying the report is one showing the reef at Rio Grande do Norte, and 

 one at Pernambuco ; the latter also gives the details of the borings on 

 the reef. 



Hawkshaw, J. Clarke. Notes on the consolidated beach at Pernam- 

 buco. C^iur. Journ. Geol. Soc. 1879, XXXV., p. 239-244. 



VOL. XLIV. 14 



