214 BULLETIN: MUSEUM OF COMPARATIVE ZOOLOGY. 



Malte-Brun says the coast of Brazil "from Marauhao to Olinda ia 

 bounded by a reef of coi'al, resembling in many places an artificial mole." 

 He says also that the harbor of Porto Seguro " is sheltered on all sides 

 by steep coral rock." 



Malte-Brun. Voyage k la Cochinchiue par les lies de Madere le Bresil 

 et rile de Java (etc.). Par John Barrow . . . Traduit de 1' Anglais 

 avec notes et additions. Par Malte-Brun. 2 vols. Paris, 1807. 

 The fourth Chapter, from which the following is taken, was written by 

 Malte-Brun. Tome I., p. 156, says : " The northern coasts of Brazil from 

 Para to Olinda are bordered by a reef . , . which at many points re- 

 sembles an embankment or dike. It is without doubt of coral rock. 

 The inhabitants of Olinda and of Parahyba use it to build their houses. 

 Similar reefs form all the ports and estuaries of the province of Porto 

 Seguro ; they look like a natural wall along the coast." The foot-notes 

 lead one to suppose that these observations are taken from the writings 

 of Piso and Barlaeus. 



Mansfield, C. B. Paraguay, Brazil and the Plate. Letters written in 



1852-1853. Cambridge, 1856, p. 27-29. 

 A small sketch is given showino; the reef and harbor at Pernambuco. 

 "This reef, which seems to be about five or six feet across, runs along 

 the coast for some three hundred miles. ... It is formed of sandstone, 

 full of pebbles and shells, and stands up just like a wall." 

 Maximilian, Prince of Wied-Neuwied. Travels in Brazil. London, 



1820. 

 The author travelled (1815-1817) along the coast from Rio de Janeiro 

 to Bahia. Just south of the mouth of Rio do Frade (South of Porto 

 Seguro) he fo .md (p. 259) " at very low water extensive banks of sand 

 and calcareous locks, which stretch far into the sea, and which have 

 probably been chiefly produced by zoophytes. Their surface is divided 

 into regular parallel clefts." (French ed. Pai-is, 1821. II., p. 72.) He 

 mentions the reef at Porto Seguro (265), and another across the mouth 

 of Rio Santa Cruz, five leagues north of Porto Seguro (p. 268. French 

 ed., IL, p. 87-88). 



Montanus, Arnoldus. De Nieue en Onbekende Weereld of Beschrijving 



van America en 'i Zuid Land, Vervaetende d'Oorsprong der Amer- 



icaenen, etc. Door Arnoldus Montanus t' Amsterdam. By Jacob 



Meurs, 1671. 



The German translation of the above, erroneously credited to Dr. 0. 



D(apper), has been examined. It is entitled Die Unbekante Neue Welt, 



