BRANNEK: THE STONE REEFS OF BRAZIL. 281 



PLATE 39. 



The vertical outer face of the Mamanguape reef, looking southward at low tide. 

 See pages 47-55. 



PLATE 40. 



Blocks of compact sandstone thrown hy the surf across the Mamanguape reef. 

 The inner reef crosses the middle of tlie background. See page 50. 



PLATE 41. 

 A characteristic bit of surface etching on the Mamanguape reef. See page 52. 



PLATE 42. 



The eroded surface of the Mamanguape reef partly covered with barnacles. See 

 page 53. 



PLATE 43. 

 Sea-urcliin holes in the seaward face of the Mamanguape reef. See page 53. 



PLATE 44. 



Looking southward near the southern end of the Mamanguape reef. The Mirimiri 

 cliffs are visible in the distance. See pages 47-55. 



PLATE 45. 



IVLamanguape Point, and the southern end of the iimer reef .<5een from the outer reef, 

 looking westward. See page 55. 



PLATE 46. 



The sand plains at Cabedello, Parahyba do. Norte. Photograph by Mr. Sumner. 

 See pages 232-235. 



PLATE 47. 



The Pernambuco stone reef. Pliotograph taken in 187G by the Commissao Geo- 

 logica. See pages 60-07. 



PLATE 48 



The Pernambuco reef taken from tlie old Dutch fort. Sec pages 60-67. 



PLATE 49. 

 Surface of Pernambuco reef. Photograpli taken in 1876. See pages 00-67. 



