CiRC. 146. 



SATURDAY'S ROUTES.— 



I. — The Geological party leave Stokesley at 9 a.m., driving to Great Ayton; the 

 Whinstone Dyke and Roseberry Topping examined, thence to Kildale and home 

 to Stokesley in conveyances leaving Uundale Beck at 5 p.m. Mr. Hawell, leader. 



1 1. —Naturalists reaching Sexhow Station at 2-26 from the west, y^ from the east, 

 will walk or drive to Carlton, and under the guidance of Messrs. S. H. Harries, 

 W. H. Thomas, T. A. Lofthouse, T. F. Ward, J. A. Jones, and other members 

 of the Cleveland Field Club, investigate the slopes of Carlton Bank and the 

 hill summits behind, returning to Carlton and by conveyance (if ordered) to 

 .Stokesley in time for dinner at 6 p.m. 



MONDAY'S ROUTES.— 



I. — Geologists, under the leadership of Rev. J. Hawell, M.A., F.G.S., will start 

 from Ingleby Greenhow station at 8-34 A.M., for Ingleby Manor, Haggs Yat, 

 Basedale, Battersby Moor, etc, 



II. — Naturalists will leave Stokesley Station at 8-30 a m., proceed through 

 Kifkby and along Kirkby Bank to Hoggat's Wood (under Broughton Bank), and 

 thence to Ingleby Greenhow. Leaders: Messrs. S. H. Harries, T. A. Lofthouse, 

 W. H. Thomas, T. F. Ward, and other members of the Cleveland Field Club. 



III. — Members arriving at Ingleby Greenhow at 11-30 A.M. will proceed direct 

 to Hoggat's Wood, and join the early party. 



PERMISSION to visit their lands is granted by Lord De L'Isle and Dudley, 

 Mr. "[.J. Emerson, Mr. M. Morrison, Capt. Phillips, and other owners and occupiers. 

 Members are, however, particularly requested not to enter Busby Wood. 



GEOLOGY.— Rev. J. Hawell, M.A., F.G.S., writes that the district to be 

 investigated constitutes a portion of the escarpment bounding the North-East 

 Yorkshire Moors or Cleveland Hills on their north-western side. This escarpment 

 is bolder and loftier here than anywhere else, and the highest point of the Cleveland 

 Hills at Bottom Head (1,489 feet) is close to the edge of the declivity. The 

 geologist visiting the district for the first time will be able, without much difficulty, 

 to read the story which tells the origin of this striking feature of the landscape. At 

 the top of the escarpment lies the hard and thick Estuarine .Sandstone of the Inferior 

 Oolite, and immediately under this the softer shales of the Upper Lias, which have 

 naturally weathered much more readily. On a lower horizon the sandstone of the 

 Middle Lias has produced a minor feature from the same cause. At the foot of the 

 escarpment the glacial deposits have covered up the inequalities of the native rock, 

 producing a more or less level plain, which, however, frequently rises into bosses of 

 sand and gravel in the proximity of the hills. These sands and gravels, as they 

 occur about Ingleby, though termed by the officers of the Geological Survey 

 ' Middle Glacial,' may just as well be contemporaneous with later glacial time. 

 The glacial deposits, which do not here reach an elevation of more than about 700 

 feet above sea-level, contain large numbers of foreign blocks, a very large proportion 

 of which are porphyrites from Cheviotland and Lake District rocks. Numerous 

 boulders of Shap Granite occur. Owing to this covering of glacial matter the 

 Lower Lias is not well seen in the district to be investigated, though glimpses of it 

 will be observed here and there. No lower rock will be seen, though the Lias 

 approaches quite near to Stokesley. Fine sections of the Middle and Upper Lias 

 will be visited. In days gone by the highest portion of the Upper Lias was mined 

 for alum, and the portion immediately below it for jet, but these operations, having 

 become profitless, have entirely ceased. Neither is the ironstone of the Middle 

 Lias, so rich in the neighbourhood of Eston and Skelton-in-Cleveland, sufficiently 

 rich and plentiful in this district to pay for mining under present circumstances, 

 though it was formerly wrought to some extent in several places. The highest rocks 

 which will be seen during the excursion belong to the Inferior Oolite. The massive 

 Estuarine .Sandstone affords a building stone which is still quarried at several points. 

 Below this is the Inferior Oolite ironstone called 'The Dogger.' Near Ingleby, 

 however, the Dogger does not exist, but it is well seen a little further south. The 

 Whinstone or Basalt of the Cleveland Dyke, which will be examined at Great Ayton 

 and Kildale, is a rock of great interest and value. Entering Yorkshire near Yarm 

 it runs a more or less straight course and terminates on .Sneaton High Moor. The 

 rock is really an augite-andesite. The Geol. Surv. Memoir on North Cleveland 



