CiRC. 151. 



incainata, Habenaria viridis, Carex dioica, C. pulicaris, C. steliulata, C. ovalis, 

 C. elongata, C. axillaris, C. vitlpina, C. teretiuscida, C. paradoxa, C. panicitlata, 

 C. vulgaris, C. stricta, C. aatta, C. Jlava, C. fulva, C. biiiervis, C. panicea, C. 

 pseudo-cyperits, C. filiforniis, C. faliidosa, C. riparia, [uncus oblusiflorus, 

 Claditirn, and Calamagrostis lanceolata. 



Cryptogams. — Mr. H. J. Wilkinson writes that when the mereibers of the 

 Y.N.U. visited Askham Bog on the 2nd June, 1879, hundreds of specimens of 

 Osmunda regalis (royal fern) were observed, many of which exceeded six feet in 

 height. The members will be very fortunate if they come across a score of royal 

 ferns this yeai (1900). As no specimens of this fern were taken by the naturalists 

 in 1879 (see report in the Naturalist, vol. iv. , 1878-79, pp. 191-192), so none must 

 be removed this year. Lastraa thelypteris, L. cristata, I., spinulosa, L. dilatata, 

 Osnncnda regalis, and Ophioglossui/i vulgatu?n may also be observed, but none are 

 allowed to be gathered. 



Mosses, Hepatics, Lichens, Algas and Fung-i. — In 1879 the Y.N.U, 

 collected Tetraphis pellncida (in fruit), Climaciuin dendroides, Hypnum cordijoliuin, 

 Oscillatoria nigra, Euglena viridis, Chcetophora tubei'osa, ColeochcBte scutata, 

 Batrachospennum moniliforfne, Paridorina mormii, Closteriitm Jiioiiili/orine, Moti- 

 geoiia geuujlexa, Cha?-a syncarpa, and Kiccia natatts. 



VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY.— 



Mammalia, — Mr. E. G. Potter notes that Askham Bog is famous for its Foxes, 

 and is now more particularly preserved as a fox cover. The Hedgehog, Weasel, 

 and Water-Rat also occur ; Bats are plentiful, and are assiduous moth-catchers on 

 warm nights. 



Birds. — Mr. James Backhouse, F. L. S. , writes that most of one hundred species of 

 birds are on record as having been observed in Askham Bog. Of these the Bittern 

 and Hen Harrier are no more, but the ' far wood ' is still the breeding-place more or 

 less regularly of Sparrow Hawk, Kestrel, Long-eared Owl, Carrion Crow, Magpie, 

 etc., whilst in 'Chandler's Whin ' and the 'Jungle' innumerable Waterhens and 

 Snipe are to be found, and an occasional Redshank sometimes rears its young. Of 

 small birds, Warblers and Tits of several species are more especially numerous, and 

 in the drier and more open parts Buntings abound. The Grasshopper Warbler is 

 not uncommon in the central part. 



Mr. E. G. Potter writes that the following are some of the birds usually met 

 with in the bog, those marked with an asterisk having nested there or in the imme- 

 diate neighbourhood during recent years : — *Sparrow Hawk, *Ivestrel, *Longeared 

 Owl, *Carrion Crow, *Magpie (a few years ago these two latter species used to be 

 very common), *Snipe, *Mallard, Teal, Heron (small flocks sometimes observed 

 feeding), *Lapwing, ''Moorhen, *Pheasant, *Partridge, *Ringdove, *Bullfinch, 

 *Reed Bunting, *Sedge Warbler (common), *Willow Warbler, *Chiff Chaff, 

 *Yellowhammer, *Longtailed Tit, *Blue Tit, *Great Tit, *Cuckoo, Pied and 

 *Yellow Wagtails, Wheatears (on migration in early spring), *Meadow Pipit, *Sky- 

 lark, *Linnet, *Tree Sparrow, Tree Creeper, Greenfinch, Grasshopper Warbler 

 (this species- can be heard singing its weird song any evening at this time of the 

 year ; it generally commences to sing about 7-30 p.m.). Of course there are many 

 other casual visitors, such as Hooded Crow, Golden Plover, Woodcock, Swift, etc. 

 In days gone by, Jays, Nightjar, and Redshank have been known to breed here. 



Reptiles, Amphibia, and Fishes. — No records. 



CONCHOLOGY. The Rev. W. C. Hey, M.A., writes that Segmentina 

 nitida swarms in a large shallow pond left of the roadway, and about two hundred 

 yards from the entrance to 'Chandler's Whin.' The moss at the sides of the same 

 pond yields plenty of Vertigo antivertigo and Zonites fulvus, with a few Helix 

 fygmcea. The large deep square pond close to the railway line is the locality for 

 Limnaa stagnalis and \z.xge. Flanorbis complanatus. Valvata cristata abounds in 

 several of the large shallow ponds. P. coj-neus, P. nautileus, P. contorttis, and 

 P. carinatus all occur sporadically. The intersecting ditch yields many ordinary 

 species, including very fine large Limncea peregra. Physa hypno7-um may some- 

 times be got in grassy pools near the entrance to 'Chandler's Whin,' but its occur- 

 rence is irregular. Vertigo e entula can often be swept from the low herbage in the 

 far 'Jungle.' SphcTrium coiueum occurs in the large pale form. Several interesting 

 forms of Pisidium can also be collected. 



Mr. John Hawkins writes that beginning at Dringhouses, which is on the way 

 from York to the Bog, he has taken Helix aspersa, some very dark or nearly black, 

 and some yellowish, also the rose-lipped variety ; the small var. conoidea also may 



