CiRC. 154. 



Members and others attending the meetings of the British Association sections 

 can leave Bradford at 12-58 p.m. in time for 2-10 coach to Grassington, in the 

 neighbourhood of which the remainder of the afternoon can be profitably spent. 



HOTEL ARRANGEMENTS.— The Secretaries have engaged the whole 

 of the accommodation at The Foresters' Arms and Commercial Hotels, Grassington, 

 and The Old Hall Inn, Threshfield (one mile from Grassington). As the accommo- 

 dation is somewhat limited, especially at this season, after the beds in these 

 hotels are engaged, arrangements for sleeping out only will be made, all boarding 

 in the hotels. 



Those intending to be at the Meeting must communicate with Mr. Hawkes- 

 worth (not with the hotel-keepers) not later than Thursday morning, Sept. 6th. 

 The rooms will be allotted by the Secretaries strictly according to priority of appli- 

 cation. It will be necessary for some members to occupy double-bedded rooms, 

 so if two friends would like a room together it should be mentioned. Terms at above 

 houses : 12/6 from Saturday, evening meal, to Monday morning, breakfast. 



LEADERS AND GUIDES.— The President, Officers, and leading members 

 of the Union, together with residents in the district, will act as leaders and guides. 



ROUTES. — Routes will be arranged by the Leaders to suit the circumstances 

 of the case and the convenience of members attending. 



The geological members will investigate the neighbourhood of Cracoe and Thorpe. 



Geologists who are able to leave Skipton by 8-45 a.m. coach on Saturday are 

 advised to alight at Cracoe, sending their luggage forward to destination. 



PERMISSION is granted by the Duke of Devonshire, K.G. 



BOOKS AND MAPS.— The whole field of the Excursion is included in 

 Sheet 61 (92 N. E.) One-inch Ordnance Map (also published geologically coloured), 

 and in Sheet 134 of the Six-inch Map. The following works may be consulted: 

 (i) R. H. Tiddeman, M.A., F.G.S., 'Physical History of the Carboniferous Rocks 

 of Upper Airedale' (Proc. Yorks. Geol. and Polyt. Soc, 1891, vol. 11, part 3, 

 P- 353); (2) L. C. Miall, F.R.S., F.L.S., 'Geology, Natural History, and Pre- 

 Historic Antiquities of Craven'; (3) Windsor's 'Flora Cravoniensis'; (4) Davis 

 and Lees' 'West Yorkshire,' pp. 309 — 311; (5) Lees' 'Flora of West Yorkshire'; 

 (6) A List of the Fauna was published in the 'Leeds Mercury Weekly Supple- 

 ment,' July, 1882; (7) Copies of the Circulars of the Y.N. U. Excursions to 

 Grassington, Aug., 1882, and June, 1891, may still be had, 3d. each; (8) Report 

 of same in 'Naturalist,' Sep., 1882, viii., 30; (9) J. R. Dakyns, 'On the Changes 

 of the Lower Carboniferous Rocks in Yorkshire from North to South' (Proc. 

 Yorks. Geol. and Polyt. Soc, 1 891, vol. 11, p. 353). 



THE DISTRICT for investigation includes a portion of Upper Wharfedale 

 and Grass Wood, a region which has proved to possess a rich fauna and flora, 

 although it has never had the benefit of a resident investigator, and therefore 

 affords scope for much systematic work to be done. 



The Vale of the Upper Wharfe is one of the most picturesque and beautiful of 

 the Yorkshire dales, presenting a series of romantic limestone 'scars,' of which 

 Kilnsey Crag, Arncliffe Cote, Hawkswick Clowders, the Scars about Buckden and 

 Kettlewell and those in Grass Wood are fine examples. The Wharfe is here a 

 swift and noble stream, dashing at times over a shallow rocky bed, and at Ghais- 

 trills confined to a very narrow channel or 'Strid,' while at Netherside and Grass 

 Woods its steep and richly wooded banks rival the sylvan attractions of Bolton. 



Grass Wood is a very extensive stretch of woodland of old growth, richly 

 underwooded, occupying the left or eastern slopes of the Wharfe and cut into 

 unequal halves by the main road up the valley. The smaller portion — 'Grass Low 

 Wood' — lies between the road and the river; and the larger one — 'Grass High 

 Wood ' — occupies the hill-slopes of an irregular country towards the east, including 

 within its limits several fine limestone 'scars,' from the summits of which may be 

 obtained magnificent and extensive views of the surrounding country. 



GEOLOGY.— Mr. J. H. Howarth, F.G.S., has written a full account of the 

 geology of the district, which, being too long for insertion here, has been printed 

 separately. Copies may be obtained from the Secretaries by sending a stamped 

 addressed envelope. The following is an abstract: — The area consists entirely of the 

 Lower Carboniferous rocks, divided by the North Craven Fault. There is a marked 

 difference in character and vertical extent between the rocks north and south of the 



