October 27, 1893.] 



SCIENCE. 



237 



rocks. The work of Van Hise and his collaborators and 

 Walcott on the Algonkian and Cambrian has been freely 

 incorporated in the jsreseut work. The author does not 

 enter into the discussion as to the extent or importanee 

 of the supposed glacial period based upon the Baccus 

 Marsh, Dwyka and Talchir conglomerates. The Dwyka 

 (Africa) beds are, it is suggested in accordance with the 

 work of a recent observer, of volcanic origin. Although 

 Professor Geikie has made the freest use of the correla- 

 tion papers recently jjublished by the U. S. Geological 

 Survey, it is evident that he was debarred from reference 

 to the admirable resumes of Messrs. plark and Dall on 

 the tertiary and of Dr. White on the Cretaceous, since 

 these are not referred to. 



In the description of glacial dej)0sits one misses the 

 distinction made in this country between kames proper 

 and eskers, as proposed by Chamberlin. No explanation 

 of eskers is given, though American and Scandinavian 

 geologists are generally agreed that they owe their 

 jjeculiar shape to deposition within the ice-sheet, explana- 

 tions varying only in regard to the place in the ice where 

 the stream originally flowed. The question of succession 

 of glacial epochs m North America is hardly ujj to date, 

 but one could scarcely expect a writer not familiar with 

 the ground to hazard a succinct statement in view of the 

 present diversity of opinion in America. The evidence ad- 

 vanced on p. 1051 as a means of dividing the glacial jjeriod, 

 pertains to moraines, both of which it has for some time been 

 held are far more recent than the most ancient drift ac- 

 cej)ted hj any geologists who have studied the deposits. 



The 23it-falls into which the most careful correlators are 

 apt to fall find an illustration in the implied magnitude of 

 the glacial deposits on the land skirting the New Eng- 

 land Coast. It is hardly known even in America that in 

 the highest part of Martha's Vineyard, for instance, Creta- 

 ceous clays may be pulled up in the grass-roots, since the 

 bulk of the larger of these islands consists of upturned 

 Cretaceous and Tertiary strata. 



In the list of authors quoted the reader gains a ready 

 measure of the influence of American geologists on the 

 thought of their fellow- workers abroad. The familiar 

 names of more than a score of American geologists need 

 not be mentioned here. The index has been much ex- 

 tended and includes several scientific terms not found in 

 the last edition. The whole shows the good, readable 

 press-work of a well known publishing house. 



AVhile the American student will find the recently pub- 

 lished correlations papers of the U. S. Geological Survey 

 the most valuable hand-Tjook for this country, this great 

 work of Prof. Geikie will be indisiaensable both to the 

 teacher and the jDrofessional geologist. Not the least im- 

 p)ortant part of the book consists in the bibliographic ref- 

 erences without which a text-book can now hardly be re- 

 commended to the advanced student. It may be object- 

 ed to the work that is encyclopedic rather tlaan didactic, 

 but in so far it is a faithful exponent of the concensus of 

 opinion of a host of geological workers. J. B. W. 



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